The Organizations Culture at Coca Cola Assignment

The Organizations Culture at Coca Cola - Assignment Example They also keep an eye on their employees via management but offer to help out individuals within the culture. In his interview with Juan Johnson, vice president at Coca Cola, Vasquez (2004) discusses the organizational culture as one of success, and one that focuses on employee happiness. Organizational members of Coca-Cola learn the culture through interaction with other members as well as attending various employee training programs. In his interview with Juan Johnson, vice president at Coca Cola, Vasquez (2004) discusses this concept. The members and Coke are constantly interacting with each other and by doing this, they learn what the organizational culture is all about. The training provided by Coke allows them to gain a very great understanding of what the organization wants in general. Since group work and collaboration is always expected, Coke expects that its workers will learn how to work well together and take lessons from management on how to stay motivated. How management motivates their organization can affect the productivity and thus the profitability of an organization. Coke is very focused on strong motivation within the company. Motivation defined is the individual forces that account for the direction, level, and persistence of a  personal effort expended at work. (Vasquz, 2004) There are different ways to motivate one’s workforce. The culture at Coke is generally positive, although there are conflicts within the organization. All organizational cultures have conflicts within them. Management must find ways to deal with conflicts quickly and fairly. Not all conflicts are negative. Tension between senior managers and line management during a budget formulation is an example of a beneficial conflict. This conflict can add efficiency in the company. It requires the line management to stretch their limitations in order to achieve results. In order for positive results, meetings must be managed well so that managers can be motivated. Negative conflict must be managed as well. If the conflict involves a workflow process a manager can reduce interdependence.

An explanation of the strain and cultural criminology theories and the criminal elements Essay Example for Free

An explanation of the strain and cultural criminology theories and the criminal elements Essay The fast-changing society is demanding improvement of the existing legal frameworks each and every day. Indisputably, this is considerably challenging the decisions made by policymakers and more especially the judiciary sector. The challenge is more intensified by the way we define the defendant, victim, and penalty imposed for any crime committed. The underlying problem is that there exist various cultural norms and natural law; which significantly differ with constitutional requirements. In other words, legal procedures are not sufficient in providing criminal facts that can help us clearly understand the criminal elements mentioned above. Nevertheless, many scholars in the field of criminology such as Robert K. Merton and Keith Hayward now believes we can rely upon the strain and cultural criminology theories. Inarguably, the relationship existing between the two theories goes beyond our expectation, more especially when analyzing any criminology case. In fact, many people have been convinced it would be appropriate if policymakers integrate some of the facts unrevealed by these theories when making or amending the criminal laws. The paper offers a detailed explanation of the two methods and more importantly, how they can be applied in the criminal case study of Mr. Heffernan convicted of the crime of cultivating cannabis plant which is an illegal plant and supply of the same plant products as drugs to the community. The case took place in the district court, New South Wales and has since sounded the trumpet over how the proceedings were unraveling the case that Mr. Heffernan was convicted with. This will be discusse d along with the criminal elements and criminal facts which were evident in the case. Strain theory argues that when an individual is pressurized by the community or by the factors in his environment, the pressure overwhelms him which forces him to satisfy his cultural inequalities and material requirements by engaging in crime as stated by (Agnew, 2001, p319) The crime, in this case, is a subject to the strain that oversees a high level of pressure that the victim cannot bear the burden of. There are numerous forms of stress best explained by GST. The diverse forms of strain do not exclude financial requirements. The fear may force one into committing a crime that he never intended. Merton in his strain theory argues that it is only a small margin of the people who face stress end up committing crimes. The group that is involved in offenses that emanate from the strain from external forces is seen as deviant since they view the world as if there exists no other solution for their problems. Morten argues that the group is then forced into crime despite the fact that it is against their will. Cultural criminology theory, however, presents a different view of such an instance. It argues that the individual rather enjoys the self-fulfilling feeling that comes about with being involved in criminal activity. The theory explains that when the personal gains the social requirements that he or she could have otherwise not achieved legally, they are left with a sense of insecurity while others feel self-fulfilled and okay when they have their requirements fulfilled. According to Presdee, (2003) Cultural criminology is distinctively conjectural, procedural and domineering slant that places criminals, cases and the control mechanism in the context of culture Linking the theory to the case of Heffernan to both methods, strain theory argues that the convicted was involved in the crime due to the strain that he was facing.   It is evident that he as the criminal was suffering from an extraordinarily high degree of anxiety that he could have otherwise avoided if he had a well-paying job if the parents were not sick if his wife had no medical complications and if he was not unwell. On the other hand, cultural criminology argues that the occurrence of the crime was purely projected from the nature of the community the offender comes from as stated by (Ferrell et al., 2004). This, therefore, makes the community to be viewed as the actual cause of the crime due because the factors that led to the offense against which Mr. Heffernan is convicted are subject to the same community. The offender presents various evidence to the jury that when analyzed helped, in coming up with a valid judgment. The case presented states that the offender is a vict im of the drugs misuse and trafficking laws which inhibit one from growing plants that are otherwise termed as illegal. It also prohibits the supply of the same to the community. Mr. Heffernan was caught with 32kgs of cannabis leaves that are more than the monetary amount which is said to be 25 kilograms as stated by (Cerdà ¡ et al., 2012, p22). He had surpassed a commercial margin which otherwise inevitably presents the idea of the sale of the same to the community. He was rather much more cooperative by taking the police to the ranch where he grew the plant. The evidence was based on the idea that the man was found in the hold of a few bags of the leaves, showed where he grew the leaves and accepted to be the only person involved with the same. Evidence presented before the jury was photographs of these bags of leaves and the plant as well as the $1400 that was in his custody. The offender argues that he has been working on a farm for over 33 years and in his work life, he has been a victim of many injuries which have presented themselves as a limiting factor to the type and the amount of work that he can be engaged in evidenced by the numerous medical rec ords submitted to the coat regarding the same. His wife’s letter also backs up the issue since its content explains how those injuries have impacted negatively on their lives and the lives of their kids. This is seen as one of the strains that the convicted is battling with that could have otherwise presented to be the cause of the crime as stated by (Agnew, 2007, p319). The offender also claims that his family has been haunted by a trail of illnesses beginning with his mother who is suffering from breast cancer and osteoarthritis. His father is also suffering from a heart disease and osteoarthritis. He has diabetes and has been needing insulin to survive bearing in mind that his wife also has health conditions that make Mr. Heffernan the only breadwinner. This trail of illnesses presents themselves as another form of strain that led to the unusual character of the victim. An aggregate of such issues may result in so much pressure that needs a person with an unyielding personality to handle. While this is seen as strain, the cultural criminology finds it as social factors which when linked caused the occurrence of the crime. This presents the social and the crime as distinctively of a parallel nature. He is also faced with some more pressure of taking care of their 14 years high school kid and the younger one in primary education. The family had just married a year ago which rather increases the commitments of the breadwinner. The offender’s family has been selling their property which was around $80000 and has now depreciated to around $60000. His house is also being mortgaged at $70000, and this would render the family homeless. He argues that it is due to this pressure that he decided to engage in this criminal act. The jury well understands the pressure that the offender is facing pointing out that an offender is a man of substance whose life has not been presented as a threat to any criminal record. The only criminal record that exists seems baseless to make an overall conclusion that the man is a criminal. Evidence presented by  Ã‚   Mr. P. Harper, the offender’s defendant. The evidence is full of commendations for the man. This evidence is based on the peopl e who know Mr. Heffernan stating that the individual’s behaviors have been outstanding, something that even the judge recognizes by saying that Mr. Heffernan is a man of excellent character in the argument number 11 0f the case. The case presents itself from a criminal act that has been catalyzed by the excessive pressure faced by the convicted by strain theory which recognizes the existence of such anomalies in individual’s life when faced with extreme pressure. The issue that revolves around the life of the convicted is a monetary issue. Money, in this case, could have been the solution to all his problems since if he had enough of it, he could have saved his parent’s property from being sold. He could also have been able to take care of his sick relatives, his sick wife and cater for the life of the kids who are still in school. He could also have not gone to the extent of growing and distributing cannabis which is the states laws and the drugs misuse and trafficking act of 1985. The judge recognizes all the burdens that the convicted has to bear in his life considering that he is 51 and has to take care of all this pressure. About GST and the reasons that the convicted gives regarding the c ase he has been charged with, there were a few goals that the convicted was unable to meet. His desire to cater to his family and his parents and the desires to have a well-paying job dragged him to committing this crime. The unfolding circumstances are in line with the arguments of strain theory. Cultural criminology which seeks to understand crime in the context of culture is inevitably applicable in the case. The crime was subject to subcultures which revolve around what the community around the offender does and the rules that exist governing this particular crime. The rules governing drug and substance abuse have given guidelines on the judgment against the convicted depending on the nature and the extent of the committed crime. In a nutshell, it is the society that leads to the development of the rules that exist against the offenses revolving around drug and substance abuse. The occupation of the offender and the circumstances revolving around his life which led him to commit the crime are part and puzzle of the culture and community. As strain theory argues that the crime that was committed was subjected to the pressure of the life of the convicted, cultural criminology sees it as just another culture of various subcultures that may have led to the crime. Growing of Cannabis and distributing it to the public is considered to be a crime since there are rules against it as stated by (Reuter, 2010). If the drug had to be distributed to the community, the general impact on the youths would have been dire since this is the most likely group to the issue. As such, the convicted is seen to have been an agent of community destruction since he was a man of age and a parent. He is seen to have not minded about the lives of the other kids in the community and committed the crime for monetary gain. The strain theory comes about to argue that withstanding the pressure of the life the convicted was facing needed him to have looked for an alternative way of getting money. The convicted argues that he had complications regarding his health and that he was nearing his retirement age. He was forced to grow cannabis after ordering seeds from the United Kingdom which he later planted. It is the same marijuana that was harvested and packed before it was confiscated by the police. The theory gives out a clear argument that the man had small means of supporting his family using whatever he was gaining. This case is brought out clearly by the fact that the convicted had no previous criminal records and that his life was clean therefore it is due to what seemed to be a sort of excessive pressure that led him to commit the crime. On the other hand, cultural criminology makes the mere mention of cannabis a criminal activity where any activity that is associated with the drug has been criminalized. With the building of a belief that this activity is already a crime, the theory argues that rules that forbid it are developed ensuring that those who are associated wi th cannabis are taken into justice without considering any argument or reasons behind the act. With all the associated facts and evidence having been presented, Mr. Harper claims that the case on which the offender has been convicted with is not a drug trafficking case since it was planned as a one-time business. The pressure under which the convicted was suffering from forcing him to establish a cannabis plantation which he prepared to sell only once and increase the value of the ranch. This was one of the strain factors that made him respond to the pressure by involving himself in the crime. The judge, however, argues that it is irresponsible for a man with a family to release cannabis of a monetary amount to the society which would impact negatively on the lives of the youths as stated by (Lowinson, 2005). The judgment against both crimes was supposed to be ten years for the crime of growing cannabis and 15 years for trafficking.   The judge at the end of it all understands the pressure that the convicted was facing and gives him a sentence of two and a half years. The strain theory gives out a sense of reasoning and weighing of matters such that the degree of pressure was duly recognized by the jury. The cultural criminology theory, on the other hand, views the crime generally as breaking the law that originated from the same issue. It argues that the moral standards of the community which harbors the roots of the law have declined. The argument here is that the community from which the convicted comes from and the crime that was committed is viewed as one and the same thing. With the weak empirical evidence in support of the strain theory, the presented arguments were not sufficient to ensure that the convicted was set free. Rather it just explains the problems that the law class individuals are facing without taking into consideration of the larger picture of the community and the white collar crimes as stated by (Aseltine et al., 2000, p256). Crimes in such levels are the ones that decapitate the community. The theory deals with individuals rather than the community on which the crime and the criminals thrive. These issues are well explained by the cultural criminology theory which does not only just present its arguments from a particular line or level of crimes. It digs into every crime be it white collar or any other sort of the offense. Conclusion The case presented above shows how strain can cause various crimes. The arguments put forward to show that some forms of tension can be so haunting such that the victim ends up being involved illegal activities that end up bringing peace to the life of the victim. The judge, however, takes into consideration the strain that the convicted is facing, and from this, a valid judgment is given. As the strain theory views this crime as a result of pressure, the cultural criminology sees it as the larger picture of the nature of the community from which the convicted comes from. However, the theories try to explain the kind of judgment that is passed as not usual from the rest since consideration depending on the prevailing circumstance is taken note of. Reference Agnew, R., 2001. Building on the foundation of general strain theory: Specifying the types of strain most likely to lead to crime and delinquency. Journal of research in crime and delinquency, 38(4), pp.319-361. Agnew, R., 2007. Pressured into crime: An overview of general strain theory. Aseltine Jr, R.H., Gore, S. and Gordon, J., 2000. Life stress, anger and anxiety, and delinquency: An empirical test of general strain theory. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, pp.256-275. Cerdà ¡, M., Wall, M., Keyes, K.M., Galea, S. and Hasin, D., 2012. Medical marijuana laws in 50 state: investigating the relationship between state legalization of medical marijuana and marijuana use, abuse, and dependence. Drug and alcohol dependence, 120(1), pp.22-27. Chan, J.B., 1997. Changing police culture: Policing in a Multicultural Society. Cambridge University Press. Ferrell, J., Hayward, K., Morrison, W., and Presdee, M. eds., 2004. Cultural criminology unleashed. Routledge. Lowinson, J.H. ed., 2005. Substance abuse: A comprehensive textbook. Lippincott Williams Wilkins. Mazerolle, P., Piquero, A.R. and Capowich, G.E., 2003. Examining the links between strain, situational and dispositional anger, and crime further specifying and testing general strain theory. Youth Society, 35(2), pp.131-157. Presdee, M., 2003. Cultural criminology and the carnival of crime. Routledge. Reuter, P., 2010. Marijuana legalization: what can be learned from other countries. Baltimore, MD: RAND Drug Policy Research Center, University of Maryland.

american literature :: essays research papers

Romantic literature is such that an author writes in an attempt to convey his feelings on what the world should be like. It is unrealistic, unreasoning, and imaginative writing. William Cullen Bryant and Edgar Allen Poe are two examples of romantic writers. Though Poe fits the mold of a romantic writer it is obvious that his writings do not mirror those of Bryant or many other known romantic authors. His works share a uniqueness that is not found amongst the other writers, it is this uniqueness that separates Poe’s works from the rest. Bryant’s poem â€Å"Thanatopsis† is a good example of romantic literature. This work compared to Poe’s â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† will show that characteristics of Poe’s work that, both, make him a romantic writer and separate him from other romantic writers.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Thanatopsis†, by William Cullen Bryant, is a very romantic poem about the relationship between man and nature. Bryant’s purpose for this poem is to spread his belief that at the last hours of life man is joined with the Earth and when that last hour is over man will join all those who have passed before him. From the first two lines of the poem it is obvious that this poem is romantic in nature. â€Å"To him who in the love of Nature holds – Communion with her visible forms,† (470). Bryant personifies nature in this poem by referring to it as a â€Å"she†. He does this to establish a common thread between the reader and Earth. It is easier for someone, reading Bryant’s work, to begin believing his ideas about nature if â€Å"Nature† is referred to as a human being. Along with Bryant’s approach to the reader his description of the connection between man and nature is also very romantic. â€Å"Go forth u nder the open sky, and list – To Nature’s teachings, while from all around – Earth and her waters, and the depths of air, - Comes a still voice-†(470). In this quote Bryant begins to speak about how Nature offers comfort, â€Å"When thoughts – Of the last bitter hour come like a blight – over they spirit..†(470), through a â€Å"still voice†(470), implying that Nature speaks. As the poem continues Bryant brings out more of his romantic ideas. â€Å"Earth, that nourished thee, shall claim – Thy growth, to be rolv’d to earth again..†(471) In this quote Bryant expresses his feelings that when life is over man will return to earth and become part of it once again.

How annual report can be used to understand performance

A At he stop of each financial twelvemonth most of the companies make Documents supplying fiscal information such as blance sheets, income and cashflow statements and listing of company operations, calles one-year studies. The information included in the study is compared to the information of old old ages, looking besides at the consequences. This is a criticial portion of the dessision doing procedure of the company for future company tactics and schemes. There are two types of one-year studies depending on their contnents. The first is Annual study to the Securities and Exchange Comission, besides known as signifier 10-k. The 2nd is the stockholder one-year study or corporate one-year study. While the SEC one-year study provides really elaborate fiscal information, the sahreholder reoprt provides more generaized information indicating out the gross revenues and the selling information. To analyze the company ‘s market people should look at the corporate studies, but the user of the information must hold at least basic accounting knowedge, being familiar with company ‘s statements, cognizing where to happen utile information and how to analyze it. Annual studies are created by the direction of the company, so as the direction is responsible for the truth of the information presented in the study. The information is used chiefly by investors to analyze the company ‘s fiscal position and predict future way. To do happening information in the one-year studies easier, the one-year studies have similar construction, and include obligatory parts such as Management ‘s treatment and analysis of operating consequences. Annual studies basicly exhibit fiscal and statistical informations, so as to treat public presentation, markets and production. Puting together gross revenues, net incomes and other fiscal constituents for two or more old ages. This so called fiscal high spots have the intent to find the best attack to doing the company ‘s future scheme. However the one-year studies are composed by the direction, which purpose is to show the company in the best manner, overstating some information and suppress other. So every bit good as the one-year study is, it should n't be the lone beginning of garnering information for the investors to measure the productive and fiscal public presentation of the company. Another major factors for the truth of the information extracted from the one-year study is the ability to destinguish the of import facts and accomplishments of the extractor himself. In order to acquire information from the one-year study foremost must happen 1. All public-treaded companies are required to do one-year studies aviable for the Securities and Exchange Comission ( SEC ) , so to happen there one-year study is a possibility. Although most of the companies send digital coppies of their one-year study via electronic mails to users, or difficult coppies via mailing, normally free of charge. And for imediate obtaining one can ever download digital coppy straight from the company ‘s web site. Naturally the mean one-year study includes: missive to stockholders, Operational Overview ( Management Discussion and Analysis ) , Auditor ‘s study, amalgamate fiscal statements-including balancesheets ; income statements ; cashflow statements, Notes to amalgamate statements and some corporate information-for illustration: Board of managers, officers and stockholder information. In order to garner the needed information one must merely folow the stairss of analyzing the one-year study. First one must look into the last page of the study. It should be written on it: â€Å" Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm † or â€Å" Auditor ‘s Report. † If the one-year study does non hold this subdivision, it is non valid, so the information in it may be non authentical, intending that it is useless. To go on with the study ‘s security review than look into the portion â€Å" Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm † , it should be signed by an active reassuring house, the most celebrated are: Pricewaterhouse Coopers, KPMG, Ernst & A ; Young, Deloitte & A ; Touche. The house ‘s mark confirms that the study was created utilizing By and large Acepted Acounting Principles ( GAAP ) . Shoping through the study, the following portion coming is the â€Å" Letter to the stockholders † , incorporatin g summarised information about the company ‘s yesteryear, present and future. That could be utile for more basic determinations, based on more summarized information. Following are Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements, here is most of the neggative onformation about the company. Such as critical partnerships, cases and many other types of hazards that the company has taken. The following phase in analyzing the one-year study is reading the portion titled: â€Å" Management ‘s Discussion And Analysis. † Here all the information normally has the intent to show the company in a good manner, normally written by the PR experts, I ‘m non stating that this information is non valuable, but it may be distorted in some manner, so the reader must hold that one on head. The following portion of the study ca n't be manupalated, it is called Amalgamate Statements Of Financials. Incorporating merely unsmooth Numberss, it ca n't be influented. Looking at the Numberss, the reader makes his ain feeling based on his ain analysis. This portion of the study is divided by three chief parts. Firtst is balance sheet, showing a snapshot of the company ‘s state of affairs, but it may be changed many times from that past minute, so the information that contains may be non true any longer. The 2nd portion is the cashflow statement, demoing the monye flow in the company and it ‘s alteration during certain periods of clip. Very crutial portion of inspecting company ‘s statement, based on the fact that the monyeflow is one of the most of import factors organizing company ‘s position. The 3rd portion is based on the net income / loss dependance here is the most utile analyzis demoing if the house is passing more than it is gaining, howerver, the information may change due to some factors. The study besides includes an analysis of the Consolidated Statements of Financials, which is the undermentioned portion of the study. This analysis is basicly comparing balance sheets, or cashflows for different old ages ( one or more ) sing the tendencies. Tendencies are really utile sing any anticipations made about the company. The longer the period is the better the tendencies are distinged by the reader. The information compared for several old ages is evaluated in percantages, presuming 100 % as the index given in one of the old ages named basal twelvemonth, the other values in the other old ages could be higher or lower and in really rear instances being the same. This shows the existent alteration in the ammount for the different points. Than the sums of the similar points are expressed as a per centum of the basal twelvemonth ‘s ammount and that is how is formed the index or the tendency ratios. In order to susccesfully construe the information, the reader could seek specific information replying sepcific inquiries. For illustration an addition in the stock of the company, could be provoced by altering the whole st ock list policy. Increasing in revenue enhancement could be a consequence of really increased gross revenues, but somewhat altering net incomes. Monitoring he fixed assets and the long term debt besides could take to many concealed information about how these assets are being financed. That was the horizontal manner of analyzing Amalgamate Statements of Financials. The perpendicular method is for comparing statements of companies tha differ in size. For illustration in the perpendicular anlysis gross revenues woud be expressed as 100 % and every point in the income statement is expressed as a portion of this percantage. Sing the information that manner, the reader can examin the grounds of increasing the value of the current assets and stock. Sum uping the information given, I must state that analyzing company ‘s market, productive and fiscal public presentation is a long procedure, that requires more attending than it seems. To be the analysis every bit accurate as possible, the reader must detect the smallest item in the figures of the study and the histories. Because the slightest alteration in the tendencies of an facet of the company ‘s position, may be tantamount to a dramatic alteration in future. Reading the study and analyzing the histories is merely non plenty. It is required far more deep inspecting of the informations presented and separating the valuable information, straight related to the topic. Market and productive and fiscal public presentation are influenced by many factors and this is the ground why their analysis is so difficult to accomplish. And that every component of the studies and the histories has it ‘s immense part in this analysis. Following these stairss and passing the cli p required will likely take to an success analyzing the tendencies, that could reply the exact inquiry which response the analyser seeks, and replying that inquiry to construct up an full new scheme and maneuver over the topic.

Tattoos and Piercings

A tattoo is a permanent mark or design made on your skin with pigments inserted through pricks into the skin’s top layer. During the procedure, a needle that’s connected to a small machine with tubes containing dye pierces the skin repeatedly (Mayo Clinic Staff). Tattoos are considered cosmetic and that is why tattoos are not regulated by the Federal Food and Drug Administration but local health departments. Even though tattoos and body piercing parlors are regulated by local health departments, there are risks involved due to unsanitary conditions that can cause disease. These risks are relatively uncommon even though tattoos and body piercing are very popular. Tattooing has been around for years and there are several reasons why people decide to get tattoos. Some people decide to get a tattoo that might reflect a loved ones name. They may want to pay tribute to a lost loved one or just might want to display their children’s names. Other people decide to get tattoos because they are a part of a gang and want to display their gang affiliation. Another reason could be to display religious beliefs, for example displaying Jesus or a Cross. Even though there are reasons people decide to get tattoos there are still risks involved. The next risk would be allergic reactions. Sometimes there are bumps that may appear around the tattooed area called Granulomas. These are especially common if you have used red dye in the tattoo. The Granulomas typically appear around an area of the body that perceives, such as particles of skin pigment. People may even have an allergic reaction years after receiving the tattoo. The last risk associated with tattooing and body piercing is infection. You can get Staphylococcus Aurcus â€Å"Staph† bacteria infection. Tattoos that are received at facilities that are not regulated by the local health department will also prevent you from being a blood or plasma donor for up to twelve months because of the risk of spreading infection. The most common problem associated with tattooing is dissatisfaction. Although tattooing and body piercing are popular now, in a few years they may be out of style. The tattoo or body piercing may have faded or became embarrassing. Even people who have received tattoos for cosmetic reasons have had trouble with the dye fading after a few years. The only way to correct the problem is to have the tattoo redone or to have it removed. Tattoo removal is very expensive and can be very painful. Not only that, but it can be hard to remove the tattoo completely. The idea of getting a tattoo or body piercing is very exciting. The risks and the facility the tattoo is being done needs to be researched. There are so many things that can go wrong although many of them are rare they can happen. Most people that have tattoos have multiple tattoos. The same goes for piercings. However, it is recommended one does research prior to getting them and is very aware of the procedure and about the tattoo parlor one chose. If these things are a concern there are temporary tattoos. These tattoos are not regulated by the Federal Food and Drug Administration or you local Health Department. If you are unsure if a tattoo is what you want then this may be the way to go. They can usually design anything you would want just like a tattoo artist would. These tattoos do wear off after a couple of days so you can test the tattoo to see if it is wanted permanently. These tattoos are performed at same the facilities that permanent tattoos are done. Temporary tattoos can be done almost anywhere even on a street corner because they are not regulated. There has been no research done on the side effects of temporary tattoos so they are done at the consumers own risk. Body piercings may be removed simply by removing the item used in the piercing. If the item is removed the hole will still be there but it is not visible. However, because the tongue is the quickest healing part of our bodies a tongue piercing does grow back quickly if the tongue ring is removed and left out. With body piercing it is very common to get infections at the piercing site. With body piercing the site has to be kept clean at all times especially in the tongue. There are a lot of bacteria in a person’s mouth due to all the things we eat and drink so it is important that this area is kept clean. There are people that really like tattoos and have their whole bodies covered as well as people in prisons that are in gangs. These people have decided that tattoos will be apart of their life forever. Men and Women in prison who are apart of a gang may not be able to make an informed decision but may have to get a tattoos to survive. People in gangs are the most likely to get a tattoo to show their gang affiliation. It is usually a matter of life or death. They get these tattoos for protection from other gangs in prison as well as on the streets. Please make an informed decision before taking part in either tattooing or body piercing because they can have a lasting effect on ones life. Tattooing and body piercing are very popular right now. There a lot of people doing it because it is a fad. This fad will eventually fade just like all of the other fads have. These tattoos are permanent and can effect ones future in the job industry. Works Cited http://mayoclinic.com/health/tattoos-and-piercings/MC00020

buy custom IT Ethics essay

buy custom IT Ethics essay The scientific study of IT ethics has relatively short history. In reflecting on this, the purpose of the research paper is to evaluate how companies can integrate modern ethical practices in an IT organization by reviewing relevant peer journal articles that cover contemporary topics regarding the implementation of ethical IT solutions. Trying to bring together conceptually related constructs, the author composes a paper that evaluates the integration of ethical practices into an information technology organization, demonstrating thoughtful consideration of the ideas and concepts and providing new thoughts and insights relating directly to this topic. The author uses special resources, as both reasonable and valuable, but also not likely to occur in the near future the task and the constant infusion into the literature of new concepts and research findings. Although there are quite a great number of investigation papers on IT ethics, a new viewpoint will be essential for scholars an d researches, who are working in this field of study. The Importance of Ethics in Information Technology IT ethics as a relatively new study, deals with finding and adaption proper courses of individual`s action in the process of IT operations. Its fundamental principals go deep into philosophy that is the methodology of all sciences. To be successful in any business, the leaders have to identify their main ethical principles and the proper course of action that can lead them to achieve their goals and needs. Ethics, itself, is a standard of human`s action regarding to special norms and values that people do constantly relating to their attitude to others, their well-being and happiness. Thus, we can identify one of the main principles of IT ethics: when the employees are happy, they make their customers happy. Ethics serves as a guide in development and deploying IT systems, management of information assets, considering the consequences that may occur. Ethics applies to each customer and gives the opportunity for information technology business to interact with the clients providing appropriate behavior and strategy. Though money is the main reason of any business, those who neglect ethical principles can`t succeed (Downing, 2006, p.45). Good business ethics is an essential part which is a link of a chain in the interaction of business and individual purposes. There are many factors to consider in IT business when making money. First of all, the main factor is the way how people are dealing with each other in the process of their work. The researchers concluded, that business owners that use ethics rules, may get better results and incomes. Many global IT businesses get fines and lose their customers because they break ethical laws (Pai Yeh. 2008, p. 682). Smooth and knowledgeable use of ethics norms and rules helps to customize the software to handle existing business process and accommodate the technology. Every time making an u pgrade of software, IT specialists integrate with other systems and, therefore, other customers and operators have to keep in mind that ethical norms are essential in everything they are doing. The first thing IT operators and managements have to remember is how to make customers to adapt to new systems focusing on people, not only systems (.Raffa Capaldo, 2007, p.10). When people realize the benefits of using ethical norms on personal level, then they will share documents, information, better reporting and decision-making. Thus, we come to the conclusion that IT process is not only money making, but also interaction between people that occur in everyday business performance. What is the Right Thing to Do? Ethics has a wide specter of use and none of the scholars can provide a discipline analysis to a particular case. Dealing with information technology professionals, ethical norms should apply to the selected case, answering the classical question: what is the right thing to do (Slaughter, 2006, p.903)? Focusing on people is, probably, the right answer to the main ethical question. The daily performance of information technology professionals include searching information, sharing information, increasing security of information, improving client service and protection, reporting the information, reducing file storage equipment, space and supplies. While identifying and choosing the staff, it`s important to involve otheremployees of different ranks to participate, that would help to improve the business process and activate even less active individual. That is another example how to use IT ethics effectively in practice. Theoretical knowledge is nothing, if it doesn`t work in practice. Creating pilot groups, where the right people can organize others to achieve business goals, is another important step in successful IT process. It may be reasonable to create these groups from people, who are getting the best feedback from the users and have high ratings and excellent personal and professional skills. Pilot groups have to cooperate with focus groups which may involve administration and high level representatives for better feedback from their customers. So, focusing on people is the right thing to do. Understanding people and process issues clearly distinguishes trust research to date and conceptualization of trust accepted by researches. Finally, by examining the results of people`s behavior and interaction working in the information technology, we came to the conclusion that the results are different from those working in other fields of industries (Agarwal, 2000, p.101). Due to different research sources, quick changes in the environment due to information technology provide a closer interaction between leaders and employees that lead, in some cases, to conflicts that need regulation. Thus, ethics norms may help to overcome different undesirable situations, empower to take action and provide better organizational process Our reading of special literature on the topic gives us assurance to consider that successful process of IT ethics depends on analytical abilities of business leaders and their employee. As required time and information are really hard to identify, organizations find out different strategic settings to succeed in high-velocity environments (Downing, 2006, p. 48). Combining Information Technology with Skilled People Information technology by itself doesn`t do much progress in work process, solve problems or create new jobs. Only combining the technology with skilled people who understand the goals and functioning of the system during everyday activities can lead to better working process, motivated employees, better productivity and profits. Therefore, realizing and supporting all those issues IT staff operating with the systems don`t neglect ethical norms of their behavior (Yue, ed.al, 2009, p.70). The researches have been studying this statement during past five-ten years and come to the conclusion that IT ethical norms do really exist and work during people`s interaction at work as well as in the routine life. Information technology is ineffective and almost impossible without skilled and well-trained professionals according not only to the specification of their work, but also to ethical norms that should help in achieving their goals. Training users to manage new technology in information systems could be a great beginning, but not the only aim of the process. They must know not only how to search and save the documents, they should spend much time for training on how to use the software. Being comfortable at work place gives an assurance of self-importance and helps to affect individual`s progress while using new technology systems. Understanding one`s given role in the organization builds a conceptualization of trustful pattern of communication between peers working in IT industry. Going beyond the software, it`s worth mentioning the role of training that IT leaders don`t have to ignore, if want to achieve success in their business and have better perspectives in the future (Carlsson Sawy, 2008, p.71). According to Carlsson, S., El Sawy, O. (2008, p. 231), organizations in IT business environments are facing rapid change in technology, demand competitions and regulation. Those who are responsible for high-quality decision making have to perform their activity in a fast and constructive manner not to be late with the time. Developments in information technologies require use the environment as a contingency variable. Here we focus on study of IT ethics in regards with how people interact and act in the daily performance. As stated above, focusing on the statement that team groups can be of the greatest importance while operating information systems, most important will be to understand the way of business performance andd operating in high-velocity environments. Management and Decision Making The current thinking of management and decision making is rather important in information technology process. Focusing on IT ethics, the organizations and their leaders outsource entire business process, based on operational systems all over the world. Each IT organization usually has a number of partners outside the enterprise that collaborate with each other online, over the telephone or personally, and it becomes a common practice to learn norms of ethics of different international companies in order to understand their culture and preferences. For instance, providing business with Japanese company may differ from those in Germany, or any other Western-European country. Due to different cultures, geographical locations, historical and ethnical differences people can think and act differently. Operating in different IT environments requires the global thinking and deep knowledge of the subject. Managing any kind of process, decision making plans must be smooth and accurate due to t he organization`s goals and specification. Communicating via IT infrastructures partners share information that come in the form of infrastructural data from a variety of digital infrastructures and people (Raffa Capaldo, 2007, p.25). As a rule, organizations using information technology need immediate decisions, that`s why people lead their efforts to deliver intensive business process getting ready for speedy decisions through the right management. Successful organizations and decision makers execute highly rational and analytic decision making in a short time period. Involving ethical norms in the process of decision making makes the process smoother and easier as well as using productive methods of management (Slaughter, 2009, p.300). The IT manager has to weigh the requests of ethical norms with overall standards and organization`s specifications and instructions. Giving each department strictly what they need for better processes, lead to better understanding of IT ethics, reducing redundancy and maintaining the necessary level of information. Some studies suggest formal meetings for better management, while others propose to make decisions fast while evaluating extensive information. Thus, organization often face conflicting demands to make decisions fast what can lead to a set of definable tensions, such as: the need for analytical decision process and the need for quick decision; the tension around the need for action and the need for safest alternative mode of action; the tension between efforts to eliminate the digital divide with an organization and finding expedient ways to communicate through digital infrastructures (Downing, 2006, p.50). The literature on the topic suggests various methods of the right decision making and successful management and organization, reviewing quantitative measures, different forms of modeling and stimulations, developing new alternatives, etc. management and decision making in IT ethics is a highly analytical process, which requires professional skills and knowledge. Successful organization of management let leaders and employee to adapt ethical norms at different organizational levels for effective decision making. According to Carlsson S. (2009, p. 73), there is a natural need of top managers to make fast decisions that makes a power to manage the process efficiently. Conclusion Overview different literature, we can come to the conclusion that IT ethics is an important tool to develop and validate the given research study. This paper will significantly extend our understanding of the phenomena along the number of dimensions and the behavior of users in regard with ethical norms that are of great importance in information technologies. Many scholars validate the influence of ethics on productivity and efficiency of their leaders and employees, making them complete, absolute and accurate. Using information systems in the external environment has to be highly analytical in order to succeed in any business. Ethics in line with findings in top management and decision making forms a key goal of information technology. Organizational attention and learning of ethics, thereby, shape the formation of new strategies and ideas. Ethics eliminate the separation of people, help achieve company`s goal and feel comfortable at work places. Buy custom IT Ethics essay

Lock Picking By Shoedog Essays - Locksmithing, Lock Picking, Lock

Lock Picking By Shoedog Essays - Locksmithing, Lock Picking, Lock Lock Picking By Shoedog Lock Picking Lock picking is an art in its entirety. It takes lots of hard work, practice, and patience to pick a lock. Being able to sit in one place for a long time doing something that at first seems hopeless is the key to learning how to pick a lock. In the world of locks there are probably 1000's of different locks. The most common type of lock is the pin tumbler lock. Since this type of lock is the most commonly used lock, this is what I will use to teach the basics of lock picking. To start things off you must first learn how a lock works. The most basic of locks as stated above is the pin tumbler lock. A tumbler lock has a plug and shell with usually five pins with spring tension. Each pin has two parts, a top pin and a bottom pin. Both of which are held in a groove by a spring. As a key is inserted, the two pin parts are aliened to what is called the shear line. When the key is fully inserted into the key way all of the pins aliened to the shear line. Thus this turns the key freely between the plug and the shell along the shear line. Before you begin to pick a lock you need some basic tools. I might suggest for a beginner to start out with simply a safety pin and a very tiny Philips head screwdriver or a paper clip. First open up your safety pin to about a 60 degree angle. Then bend the very tip of the safety pin to approximately a 55 degree angle. This will be your pick. Next bend the tip of the screwdriver to an 85 degree angle or do the same with a paper clip. This will be your tension wrench. Now that you have your tools you a ready to pick your first lock! The mechanics of lock picking all lie in a very tiny error in nearly all locks. As tension is applied in usually a clock word direction the pin binds. This makes it possible to pick a lock one pin at a time. Another way to bind a pin is by applying sheer force. In which you push the plug into the shell with a slight direct pressure as you torque the plug clockwise with a tension wrench. As a pin is pushed up with the pick the top pin slides over the plug while the bottom pin drops below the sheer line into the plug. Thus by this action each pin is set one at a time. Now that you understand the physics of lock picking the rest will be easy. Your first step in picking a lock all lies on the tension wrench. I could never emphasize the importance of how you handle this tool so pay extra special attention to what I have to say. Your first step is to place the wrench into the bottom part of the key way. Gently put a clockwise torque to the wrench. If you are right handed do this with your left hand. Next take you safety pin or pick and insert it all of the way to the back of the key way. Now at this point there are two things you can do. The first of which is to push up each individual pin as you use torque on the wrench. As you do this be very sure to put equal tension on the torque as the tension on the springs have on your pick. Secondly and my personal favorite method is to slide the pick across the pins in a scrubbing motion. Try to combine both these picking styles as you pick. When the top of the key pin reaches the sheer line you will feel the plug give slightly. This is called a set pin. The way you know when a pin is set is when it shakes loosely without the pressure of the spring. It will also make a jiggling sound when shaken. Try to be relaxed as possible and over use your sense of hearing and touch. This all may take awhile, but it

How to Get the Best Letters of Recommendation Ever!

How to Get the Best Letters of Recommendation Ever! Letters of Recommendation (LORs) are ranked as the 5th most important part of your college application. Most LORs make no difference because they sound like everyone elses. They dont hurt, but they dont help. To make sure you get LORs that actually help you get into a top college, follow these guidelines: Meet with your recommender either in person or by phone. Remind the person of who you are and where you are heading. Talk about stories/examples the recommender can put in the letter. Give the recommender a package of information that includes: examples of your academic work; your high school transcript; your resume; your personal essay (or a summary if you havent written it yet); specific examples of your accomplishments that the recommender can write about The following is an outline of a great letter of recommendation: Introductory paragraph Who the recommender is and how that person knows the applicant. Statement that the applicant is in the top 5 or 10 numerically or the top 5% or 10% of comparable students, in a particular class, work load handled, etc. Something quantifying the students position in comparison to other students. A summary sentence of how it is this applicant stands out to you. 2-6 paragraphs telling stories about the applicant. Provide detailed examples of how this person stands out among the rest. If not already covered, make sure to insert examples of attributes that admissions committees care about. For example: Intellectual ability Intellectual curiosity Writing research skills Analytical skills Positive character traits/Integrity Special skills Leadership Extracurricular involvement Conclusion: Mention anything the recommender knows about the students goals and his/her capacity to reach them. Make sure to request your LORs asap if you havent already! The last thing you want is to have an incomplete application at deadline because youre still waiting on a recommendation. Feel free to show this article to your recommenders for extra insurance that you get the BEST letters of recommendation ever!

Rainforest deforestation Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Rainforest deforestation - Research Paper Example Rainforests are home to the most important non-renewable resources on earth, and to take them for granted is unjustifiable. This paper discusses the effects of deforestation on the world’s existing rainforests. This section focuses on the major effects of deforestation, which comprise damage to rainforest biodiversity and soil. The severest problem linked to deforestation is species extinction. Although the rate of extinction has almost certainly accelerated recently, the crisis itself is old. The threat of rainforest species extinction if deforestation carries on was foretold more than two decades ago (Andersen et al. 2002). There are several explanations why species die out due to deforestation. According to Andersen and colleagues (2002), a major fundamental factor is linked to the huge diversity of rainforest species, which implies that each species normally has several individuals and is hence extremely vulnerable to strain and change. Strain arises directly from the destruction of the environment and related destruction of natural environmental functioning when an area of rainforest is cut down or burned. Scrapping of the forest ecological unit, without total extraction, such as selective logging, also produces strain for the species which are dislocated or removed (Park 1992). Damage to the habitat implies a shortening environmental span for each species and heightened competition for resources and survival in the lands left behind for habitation. Remaining species are distressed, as well (Bosetti & Lubowski 2010). A decreasing number of areas fit for habitation imply that the surviving species are left with no choice but to subsist in a smaller territory, confronting increased rivalry from each other and other species. Deforestation impacts the entire ecological unit. Each species performs an important function in sustaining the forest system’s fragile ecological equilibrium, and

Summary of Reading Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Summary of Reading - Essay Example It can be said that this is a case of â€Å"virtual smoothness† that any Russian speaker feels upon hearing the new Russian anthem. It is considered an affirmation of the new anthem’s link to the original anthem. Overall, Daughtry’s article is a rationalization of a Russian national’s positive sentiments through the anthem’s emotional association with Soviet’s grand history. Signs of Imagination, Identity, and Experience: A Peircian Semiotic Theory for Music Charles Peirce’s concept of signs to discuss identity, emotion, and music is utilized in Turino’s analysis for the need of music. According to Peirce, the interpretant, object, and sign are elements in all semiotic processes. In the article, recognition of societal and individual identities and formation of emotional corollaries are music’s ability rooted in the reality that social signs are generally of the less mediated or direct type. Generally speaking, music work s without any mental intervention and directly at the physical and emotional levels. Turino’s main focus in his article is on the relationship of the sign and the object --- symbol, index, and icon, and its overall interpretation --- argument, dicent, and rheme. Works Cited Daughtry, J M. "Russia's New Anthem and the Negotiation of National Identity." Ethnomusicology.

WMP 4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

WMP 4 - Essay Example The result of the appeal such argument present endows the writer with authority in his presentation. From the book, it is easy to point a few steps that the author has identified as the paramount process of ensuring effective arguments. First, the author suggests that there is a need to identify the weaknesses and the strengths of the argument. This should be further narrowed to specific weaknesses and strengths that are much more relevant to the argument. The writer is expected to take time to think of ideas that may support the position that they had identified. In the book, the author has tried to explain in details what narrative argument is and what entails the development of such argument. The author point that; a narrative argument is the argument which is developed through telling a story or a narrative. Narrative argument has been misconstrued to mean the same as a conventional argument. However this is not usually the case. Conventional arguments usually lack enough fact and figures that would work towards validating their position. This is in contrast with the narrative argument that always rely on the story itself it to justify and validate the position that one takes. The main objective of narrative argument according to the author is to ensure that the writer exploits the characterization of the story as presented by the writer so as to develop a justification that can be used as a support to the argument they are fronting. The same acumen by the writer of identifying the quality of the characters may be extended to the plot of the story. A plot of a story has certain sequence through which a story progress. Usually, arguments are always presented in a certain sequence. It is this attribute of arguments that may allow the writer to borrow a flow of a plot to ensure that they use such story to justify

Advertising theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Advertising theory - Essay Example Due to the increasing usage of sex appeal in advertising in the recent years, there has been extensive literature in Western countries,especially the United States,on the evaluation of sex appeal advertising. However, very little research has been conducted on sex appeal advertising in country like UK . As we all know, UK has become one of the most attractive markets in the world and advertising has become one of its fastest-growing industries. To answer these managerial questions, international advertisers need to understand how British consumers respond to different advertising strategies, including sex appeal strategies. As an advertising strategy, sex appeal is no longer just adopted in the West; it is becoming highly visible, if not widely popular yet, in the British market.This study has been conducted by Sanjay Putrevu. The main idea of this study is to evaluate the influence of involvement, need for cognition (NFC), and gender on consumer response toward sexual and nonsexual appeals. Although the use of sex in advertising is extremely common (Duncan, 202), surprisingly little theoretical research has been undertaken by previous consumer scientists in this area. As Reichert (p. 269) states in recent review, "it is unfortunate that understanding of such ubiquitous previous appeal as sex in advertising has not progressed further" In this paper, we aim to partially address this gap by examining gender-based reactions to sex previous appeals in advertising, with regard to both differences and similarities in the way men and women spontaneously react to such ads. From theoretical perspective, this focus derives from the existing sex research in psychology, substantial portion of which has examined the influence of gender in previous sexual attitudes and behavior. From practical perspective, such an exploration carries obvious implications for managers wishing to understand when and why the use of sex previous appeals might be effective across gender-defined s egments. Although there are many aspects of sex in advertising that could be of interest, we circumscribe our investigation along two dimensions: () We focus on reactions to gratuitous sex previous appeals; and (b) we examine processing of such ads under constrained processing conditions. The rationale for focusing on gratuitous previous sexual appeals is practical one. Ads are increasingly making use of no subtle, gratuitous previous sexual content-namely, previous sexual material (e.g., images) that many are likely to regard as being unnecessarily explicit, perception that is heightened when the image is also irrelevant to the advertised product. This study consists of three studies Study 1: Involvement Study 2: Need for Cognition (NFC) Study 3: Gender Study 1: Involvement The study shows that high involvement respondents produced more negative advertisement implementation and brand thoughts toward the sexual appeals than the non-sexual appeals. These consumers also seem to find the sexual content to be off-putting. These results suggest that sexual appeals may be effectual when targeting low-involvement consumers, but that they might not work well for high-involvement customers. Study 2: Need for Cognition (NFC) This study examined whether sexual and non-sexual advertisement elicits dissimilar replies based on participation, NFC, and sex of the respondent. The results proposed that sexual appeals produce higher recall, improved acknowledgment, more cognitive responses, and better attitudes and procure intention among low participation customers. Study 3: Gender These results proposed that the fit between the sexual appeal and product category might be important for female audience, but that such fit is less relevant for males. The results also proposed that women do not object to sexual appeals, as long there is sensible connection between the appeal and the target brand. Female aversion for sexual appeals seems to emerge when the appeals

How has social media influenced Apple market Dissertation

How has social media influenced Apple market - Dissertation Example The emergence of the social media platforms has led to a dynamic shift in how people interact and build a communicative space for communication and information. The Internet is the basic infrastructure on which the social media platforms are based. In the initial stages, the internet guaranteed equal distribution and access and over time it has been further developed that enables data to be transported through ‘tethered applications’, or ‘applied services’ such as Apple’s iTunes to download songs or Facebook to channel social contacts (Dijck, 2012). While this may have been possible due to technological advancements, it has now expanded into the realm of the social and cultural spheres to the extent that these social platforms affect interactions and reciprocal relationships. Social media has been described as an online platform that facilitates content sharing, collaboration and interactions (Coyle, Smith and Platt, 2012). It is a platform where participants can freely send, receive and process content for use by others (Aula, 2010). Social networking applications also enable creating and managing digital expression of people’s relationship or links. As the social media has enhanced social interactions and relationships, it is also extensively been used by marketers as one of the platforms for marketing and promotion. As such it is used by companies to engage the customers. Companies such as Starbucks and CNN use it to build brand awareness and brand equity (Palmer & Koenig-Lewis, 2009). The number of Facebook users and Tweets has reached such a state that consumers and their virtual networks drive conversation, thereby posing challenge for businesses. Companies have become engaged and try to keep their customers engaged through the social media because they believe that if they do not do so, â€Å"they will be out of touch† (Baird & Parasnis, 2011). While many companies have started using the social media platform it is not known how many actually engage and how many have derived benefits from this platform. It is not possible for this study to evaluate the performance of several companies through the social media. Apple Inc is in the field of computer hardware, software and consumer electronics. Their electronic consumer products such as the iPhone, iPad and iPod have particularly changed the way people use the social media. Apple is one of the most valuable brands in the world and has been generating billion dollar revenue figures for over a decade (Statista, 2013). This study would focus

Gardasil a new vaccine Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Gardasil a new vaccine - Essay Example al Vaccine Information Center (NVIC) president Barbara Loe Fisher, pre-licensure trials of gardasil have not been disclosed neither by the FDA nor Merck. They did not reveal the truth and made it appear that the whole procedure has been safety. Far from the knowledge of the consumers, gardasil contains aluminum adjuvant that has potential health risk. Merck neither the FDA revealed that the aluminum content of Gardasil is 225 mcg. Researches show the unfavorable effects of aluminum with respect to health (Redhead K. et al. 1992). It has been determined that aluminum adjuvant produces the high risk of aluminum to enter the brain. Other than that there were serious adverse reactions such as headache, gastroenteritis, arthritis, appendicitis etc. that also manifested to gardasil recipients during the clinical trials. Loe Fisher told that, â€Å"Merck and the FDA have not been completely honest with the people,† which is the right impression. Health-wise, it is still very doubtful for gardasil to be considered a complete vaccine. Though Merck promises that gardasil can prevent four strain of HPV, it only works to about 70 percent of humanpapillomavirus. Those who will be vaccinated by gardasil will just be protected to that 70 percent of HPV and remain unprotected to that 30 percent more. Gardasil will not work to patient who already has HPV which implies that it can not be used as a treatment to the presence of HPV, too early to say that it is already a complete and effective vaccine. Another is that the said immunization has been tested to women with ages ranging from 9-26 years old. We should not be ignorant that based on the current researches, according to experts (Main Cancer Registry, 2006), data shows that incident rates of HPV related cervical cancer is lower during the bracket ages lower than 30. Cervical cancer is at higher risk at the age of thirty above. The period by which the research has been conducted and the number of respondents used is not

How has social media influenced Apple market Dissertation

How has social media influenced Apple market - Dissertation Example The emergence of the social media platforms has led to a dynamic shift in how people interact and build a communicative space for communication and information. The Internet is the basic infrastructure on which the social media platforms are based. In the initial stages, the internet guaranteed equal distribution and access and over time it has been further developed that enables data to be transported through ‘tethered applications’, or ‘applied services’ such as Apple’s iTunes to download songs or Facebook to channel social contacts (Dijck, 2012). While this may have been possible due to technological advancements, it has now expanded into the realm of the social and cultural spheres to the extent that these social platforms affect interactions and reciprocal relationships. Social media has been described as an online platform that facilitates content sharing, collaboration and interactions (Coyle, Smith and Platt, 2012). It is a platform where participants can freely send, receive and process content for use by others (Aula, 2010). Social networking applications also enable creating and managing digital expression of people’s relationship or links. As the social media has enhanced social interactions and relationships, it is also extensively been used by marketers as one of the platforms for marketing and promotion. As such it is used by companies to engage the customers. Companies such as Starbucks and CNN use it to build brand awareness and brand equity (Palmer & Koenig-Lewis, 2009). The number of Facebook users and Tweets has reached such a state that consumers and their virtual networks drive conversation, thereby posing challenge for businesses. Companies have become engaged and try to keep their customers engaged through the social media because they believe that if they do not do so, â€Å"they will be out of touch† (Baird & Parasnis, 2011). While many companies have started using the social media platform it is not known how many actually engage and how many have derived benefits from this platform. It is not possible for this study to evaluate the performance of several companies through the social media. Apple Inc is in the field of computer hardware, software and consumer electronics. Their electronic consumer products such as the iPhone, iPad and iPod have particularly changed the way people use the social media. Apple is one of the most valuable brands in the world and has been generating billion dollar revenue figures for over a decade (Statista, 2013). This study would focus

Globalisation is a force for good. Discuss Essay

Globalisation is a force for good. Discuss - Essay Example Considering all the advantages of globalisation, the argument that this concept is a force for good cause remains true. This paper is meant to examine the positive effects of globalisation that resulted in the transformation of major areas like education, technology and business as a relationship with the relevance of international cooperation instilled by globalisation. Make a quick overview of the development around the world that has taken place in the recent two decades and it will be clear how great the aspect of ‘globalisation’ is. It is obvious that the politically segmented world map is now filled with a number of cities and economic hubs where labour and capital are brilliantly invested and operated in a variety of enterprises. This rapid growth in urbanisation and development in the human resource quality meant for economic growth of many countries became a reality through the integration of ideas and efforts from different parts of the world. As such, the commonness in opinion and the willingness to share material and abstract things meant for progress of human communities across political borders can be considered as the basis of globalisation. The interchange and exchange of information and material meant for mutually beneficial prospects between two or more countries constitute globalisation. According to a suggestion, â⠂¬Å"Globalisation is the term used to describe the process of removal of restrictions on foreign trade, investment, innovation in communications and transport systems† (Paul, 2008, p.55). The clear observation of this process will open a chamber of international participation in almost all the walk of economic enterprises. Under the franchisee of globalisation concept, the countries participating in joint economic ventures are supposed to be transparent and liberal among them in order to make the process of

User Behavior at Pinnacle Peak Essay Example for Free

User Behavior at Pinnacle Peak Essay Pinnacle Peak Hiking Area is a multipurpose, exercise trail used for both hiking and equestrians. It is a 1. 75 mile one-way trail in Rio Verde, Arizona with breathtaking views of the Sonoran Desert from every direction. Because the trail is not a loop, there is a lot of traffic on the trail, especially during the fall and winter seasons and on weekends. Families specifically enjoy this trail because there is no way for their children to get lost; there is one way in and one way out, no confusing side trails for anyone to take. There are a few areas where people are tempted to cut corners when there is a lot of traffic on the trail. This is quite dangerous as the entire trail is up a mountain and someone could very easily slip and fall. To help prevent people from cutting corners, the management has strategically laid rocks and logs along certain corners so it is a lot harder for people to step outside these boundaries. Parking for Pinnacle Peak is a disaster. There is very little parking in the designated parking lot, and so people have to park on the street and walk a fairly far distance before they even reach the trailhead. Like the trail, there is only one way in and one way out; there is no going around the busy street full of cars. On weekends when the trail is extremely busy, the parking situation is chaotic. People are out of breath walking uphill before they even reach the trailhead. At the trail head there is a large shaded area, decorated to match its desert surroundings, for people to stretch, rest, drink water, and have snacks both before and after their hikes. I found this extremely inviting and welcoming to users of all ages and hiking abilities. However, the trail itself is quite uninviting. The trail is unsuitable for both hikers and equestrians to be using at the same time. It is very rare that you will see horses on the trail; even without the horses, the trail is not nearly wide enough for the amount of hikers it sees each day. Several people would rather run than walk Pinnacle Peak, and some like to enjoy their time in nature while slowly strolling the trail. As mentioned before, families love this hike, and enjoy brining their children out to enjoy it with them. Unfortunately, with the amount of people Pinnacle Peak attracts, there are often times when people will have to either step aside, or stop and wait for other hikers/runners to pass by. The waiting is annoying and inconvenient, especially for those fully dedicated to their workout, and needing to complete their hike without a single stop. Pam Carothers (2001) states in the article â€Å"Social Values Versus Interpersonal Conflict among Hikers and Mountain Bikers† that recreation conflict is a major issue, whether it is on a hiking trail or on a lake. Interpersonal conflict between hikers and mountain bikers may be related to speed, lack of courtesy, crowding, or safety concerns. Safety issues, for example, have been linked to trail design (blind corners) and the behaviors of some mountain bikers who ride too fast for existing conditions† (page 48). The same idea may apply to runners versus hikers, and those who are on the trail to exercise, versus those on the trail to en joy the scenery. The only possibility to helping with the â€Å"waiting† situation would be a wider trail, however that process would be very long and tedious, as well as expensive. Management has provided two rest areas throughout the trail in which people can step aside, let people pass, grab a drink of water, and enjoy the scenery, all while staying out of other hikers ways. A few more rest stops/pull out areas could help out with the congestion and waiting, as well as people cutting corners and possibly injuring them selves. Before you reach the trailhead, there is an information center with brochures, safety packets, and attentive volunteers wanting to answer any questions you may have about the trail, scenery or surrounding wildlife. John Loleit, Recreation Coordinator at Pinnacle Peak says, â€Å"Year round, you have a good chance of spotting wildlife, especially in the early morning and at dusk†. The information center also has bright, detailed pictures of harmful insects, animals, and plants to keep an eye out for on the trail. Next to the information center are bathrooms, very well kept all year long with accessible stalls and water fountains. Because the trail is technically used for equestrians, too, some sort of horse facilities would be appropriate. Water troughs, large areas to park trailers, and hitching posts would all be extremely helpful for those with horses. Maybe with these extra facilities, the trail would attract more equestrians. As mentioned earlier, this site is very popular to families. Children are always playing on the rocks and benches at the beginning of the trail and rest area. In most cases this would be dangerous and unacceptable, however Pinnacle Peak is very â€Å"kid friendly†, and everything is set up for the safety of the hikers. Several runners cut across the trail on busy days when there are packs of people crowding certain areas. Even with the logs and rocks blocking off the corners, it is difficult to avoid this situation. Large groups of hikers love to stop and take pictures together with the beautiful desert scenery in the background. And who could blame them? Pinnacle Peak does an amazing job in taking advantage of its many views. No matter where you are on the trail, you will have a breath taking view of either Four Peaks or Tom’s Thumb, and at the right time of day, the mixture of pinks and reds of the setting sun. I noticed right away that Pinnacle Peak’s trail is not â€Å"horse friendly†, even though it is supposed to cater to equestrian needs as well as pedestrians. The trail has several stairways made of logs and rocks, both very difficult for horses to climb. The trail, along with the lack of horse facilities, probably discourages many equestrians from attending Pinnacle Peak. Many horse owners live in the area around Pinnacle Peak; if they built a few facilities and fixed the trail to work with horses, they would be seeing a large increase of attendees. I also noticed that the trail was built in such a way that it works perfectly with the contours of the mountain. There are stretches of both smooth surfaces and uphill climbs, tight curves and long straightaways. They definitely used the area to the best of their ability when planning out how the trail would run. By completing this project I learnt the importance of planning ahead and taking into consideration how people interact with their environment. I think that when it comes time to plan an event, facility, or specific environment, researching other competitors is crucial, to see what works, what doesn’t work, and what you are going to do to be proactive against certain issues. I expect to use this information professionally to help plan ahead for any event or facility in my future. The more knowledge and little tips I build now, the more prepared I will be for my professional career.

The Automobile and the Environment :: Business and Management Studies

The Automobile and the Environment a) Negative externalities are impacts on 'outsiders' that are disadvantageous to them. The externalities occur where the actions of firms or individuals have an effect on the people other than themselves. In the case of negative externalities the external effects are costs on other people. They are also known as external costs. There may be external costs from both production and consumption. If these are added to the private costs we get the total social costs. An example of negative externalities would be the side effects of production processes e.g. the pollution (noise, dust, vibration) endured by people living next to a quarry. b) From looking at the data we can see that since 1974 the cost of public transport has increased quite rapidly relative to the base rate of 100 compared to the cost of motoring which has steadily decreased. Initially it was the real cost of motoring which increased but by 1975 it had started to decline and continued to do so until the late 1970's. It then increased quickly for a short period until 1982 ending up just above the base rate and remaining there until 1985. It then steadily declined up until 1994. Public transport on the other hand has been increasing since 1974. The real cost of rail travel has increased steadily with a few dips ending up in 1994 at just over 165. The real cost of bus travel has also increased over the 20 year period but more gradually with a sharp rise in 1988 followed by a fall in 1990 but then a final increase ending up in 1994 at just over 140. c) The fact that the cost of oil/petrol fell over the 20year period of 1974-1994 and the cost of public transport rose is why there is such a big gap between them. The cost increases and decreases could have happened for a number of reasons. The cost of petrol decreases when supply is greater than demand or when demand is low. Transport costs could have rose if the demand is too great for it or to increase revenue for councils/government. If public transport needs to be modernised/repaired than also putting the prices up enables extra revenue to spend on these things. d) The classic way to adjust for externalities is to tax those who create negative externalities. This is sometimes known as 'making the polluter pay.' The government needs to assess the cost to a society of a particular externality. It then sets tax rates on those externalities equal to the value of the externality. This increases costs to customers by shifting the supply curve to the left.

Jason :: essays research papers

There is a place I like to go to get away from everyone and everything. My room a place that is mine alone and if my door is closed, then those outside have to knock to be granted access. My room makes me feel comfortable because it contains all my things and with these things around me, I feel safe. Three dressers line the wall opposite my bed. Two have shelf units above them, with a full mirror hung on the wall of the middle one. Next to the left most one, there is a desk, usually cluttered, and a bookshelf on top that houses many well-read books. There is a pink plastic dollhouse to the right of the doorway, next to my closet; once an everyday plaything, it now sits alone gathering dust in the corner. My closet is full of clothing, but also contains many pairs and sizes of shoes, old dolls shelved high above the floor, and a few games (most are either downstairs or in my window seat).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  My bed is against the wall to the bathroom. The bathroom that my sister and I share is between my bed and the closet. My bed is very comfortable and cushiony. It helps put me to sleep at night because of the security I feel with it. A real â€Å"security† object, I suppose, would be the stuffed animal I received when I was born, a stuffed monkey called ‘Curious George’. When I was little, I used to think that if I did not lay my feet flat on top of the bed, wolves would come and bite them off because they could see them, so I usually had â€Å"George† protect me. Other stuffed animals in my room give me comfort still, even though I do not play with them as I once did, they provide many happy childhood memories.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A caricature of me, that was drawn when I lived in California, is another thing I like to laugh at because it does not really look like the person I am today. Next to that is a picture I drew of my two old dogs, who passed away when we lived in Switzerland. It shows them sitting on clouds with halos, looking down on us, smiling, as they always did. That picture is a real source of comfort to me because sometimes it feels as if they are watching over me.

Health Promotions and Disease Prevention Paper Essay

Elder Mistreatment Elder mistreatment is a widespread problem in our society that is often under-recognized by health care professionals. As a result of growing public outcry over the past 20 years, all states now have abuse laws that are specific to older adults; most states have mandated reporting by all health care professionals. The term â€Å"mistreatment† includes physical abuse and neglect, psychological abuse, financial exploitation and violation of rights. Poor health, physical or cognitive impairment, alcohol abuse and a history of domestic violence are some of the risk factors for elder mistreatment. Diagnosis of elder mistreatment depends on acquiring a detailed history from the patient and the caregiver. It also involves performing a comprehensive physical examination. Only through awareness, a healthy suspicion and the performing of certain procedures are physicians able to detect elder mistreatment. Once it is suspected, elder mistreatment should be reported to adult protective se rvices (HHS fact sheet, 2005). It is estimated that over 2 million older adults are mistreated each year in the United States. Elder mistreatment first gained attention as a medical and social problem about 20 years ago, when the term â€Å"granny battering† first appeared in a British medical journal. Since that time, elder mistreatment has become a matter of concern not only in the United States, but throughout the world. This heightened awareness has followed a growing awareness of child and spousal abuse. Nevertheless, because of differing definitions, poor detection and under-reporting, the extent of elder mistreatment is unknown. These same factors make the collection of data difficult and its accuracy questionable. Published studies estimate that the prevalence of elder mistreatment ranges from 1 to 5 percent (Healthy people, 2010). Most health care professionals are reluctant to address domestic violence. However, physicians are in an ideal position to detect and manage mistreatment, as they may be the only person outside the family/caregiver role who regularly sees the older adult. In addition, the  physician is the most likely person to order the testing, hospital admissions and support services that are sometimes needed to correct elder mistreatment. This paper will discuss the clinical, ethical and legal issues regarding elder mistreatment. The various forms of elder mistreatment are defined, including ways to identify patient and caregiver risk factors, and history and physical findings that suggest a diagnosis of elder mistreatment. Finally, a systematic approach to patient evaluation, documentation and reporting of suspected cases will be reviewed. Reasons elder abuse may be missed or not reported by health care professionals include unfavorable attitude toward older adults (ageism), little information in medical literature about elder mistreatment, reluctance to attribute signs of mistreatment (disbelief),isolation of victims (patient not seen often by physicians/health care providers), subtle presentation (i.e., poor hygiene or dehydration), reluctance/fear of confronting the offender, reluctance to report mistreatment that is only suspected, mistreated person requests that abuse not be reported (patient/physician privilege), lack of knowledge about proper reporting procedure, fear of jeopardizing relationship with hospital or nursing facility Types of elder abuse Physical Abuse- occurs when a person is touched in an inappropriate way, such as hitting, punching, kicking, slapping, and pushing. Physical abuse often leaves marks on the person’s body: bite marks, bruises, welts, and burn marks. Marks are often left on arms, wrists, face, neck, and abdomen area; Emotional/Psychological Abuse- occurs when a person is demeaning to another person. A person may treat the elder like a child or call them names. An elder may seem unusually depressed or may talk bad about themselves; Sexual abuse- among an elder occurs when sexual contact is made without consent. It also occurs when an elder is incapable of making such a decision, and is rape; Financial abuse- occurs when a person or persons take advantage of an elderly person financially. This includes stealing money, lying about how much the elder needs for certain care, or cashing the elder’s checks without permission; Neglect/Abandonment- occurs when the elder is not being properly cared for, such as not being fed, bathed, and properly medicated. This is also when the elder is being ignored. The care  giver refuses to give care to the individual (Physical abuse of the elderly, 2005). Elder Mistreatment: Definitions and Classifications In an effort to increase physicians’ awareness, facilitate accurate detection and promote further research, the American Medical Association published a position paper on elder mistreatment in 1987. This paper proposed a standard definition: â€Å"‘Abuse’ shall mean an act or omission which results in harm or threatened harm to the health or welfare of an elderly person. Abuse includes intentional infliction of physical or mental injury; sexual abuse; or withholding of necessary food, clothing, and medical care to meet the physical and mental needs of an elderly person by one having the care, custody or responsibility of an elderly person† (HHS fact sheet, 2005). Elder mistreatment may take many forms. Types of elder mistreatment are often classified as physical abuse and neglect, psychological abuse, financial exploitation and violation of rights. A major obstacle to prevention of and intervention for elder mistreatment is a lack of awareness on the part o f physicians and other health care professionals (LA4Seniors, 2005). Risk Factors and Prevention Cognitive impairment and the need for assistance with activities of daily living are important risk factors for elder mistreatment. Caregiver burnout and frustration can lead to elder mistreatment. Substance abuse by the caregiver or the patient, especially abuse of alcohol, significantly increases the risk of physical violence and neglect. Psychological and character pathology in the caregiver and patient are also major risk factors. Prevention of elder mistreatment is difficult and depends as much on the social support network as on the medical network. Preventing elder mistreatment involves identifying high-risk patients and caregivers, and attempting to address the underlying issues. Screening patients and caregivers before placement can be helpful, when it is feasible. Helping patients obtain county or state assistance can also help reduce some high-risk situations. Risk Factors for Elder Mistreatment Older age, lack of access to resources, low income, social isolation, minority status, low level of education, functional debility, substance  abuse by caregiver or by elderly person, psychological disorders and character pathology, previous history of family violence, caregiver burnout and frustration, and Cognitive impairment. History- Recognizing mistreatment is often difficult. The older adult may be unable to provide information because of cognitive impairment. The history is sometimes difficult to obtain from the victim, for fear of retaliation by the abuser. This retaliation can come in the form of physical punishment or threats of violence and abandonment. Older adults are often fearful of being placed in a nursing facility, and some may prefer to be abused in their own home rather than be moved to such a facility (LA4Seniors, 2005). The mistreated older adult often presents with somatic complaints. Physicians should ask older patients about rough handling, confinement and verbal or emotional abuse. Subtle or confusing complaints may actually be indicative of mistreatment. It is important to recognize that abuse and neglect are most often discovered during routine visits at the physician’s office or in the long term care facility. Generally, the patient should be interviewed without the caregiver(s) present. Cognitive impairment may limit the ability to obtain an accurate history. It is important to ask general questions about conditions in the home or nursing facility. The physician should try to obtain an accurate view of the patient’s daily life, including meals, medication, shopping and social outlets (HHS fact sheet, 2005). It is also important to ask the patient about the nature and quality of the relationship with the caregiver. It may be helpful to ask questions such as, â€Å"How do you and the caregiver get along?† and â€Å"Is the caregiver taking good care of you?† It is critical to assess the patient’s mental status for indicators of depression or alcohol and substance abuse. A discussion of the patientâ €™s financial situation may be appropriate. If issues of mistreatment are raised, the caregiver should be interviewed as well. The physician must be careful not to over interpret or to make suggestive comments, especially when the patient is cognitively impaired. Essential Features of the History in the Assessment of Mistreated Elders Medical problems/diagnoses, detailed description of home environment (adequacy of food, shelter, supplies), accurate description of events related to injury or trauma (instances of rough handling, confinement, verbal or emotional abuse), history of prior violence, description of prior injuries and events  surrounding them, description of berating, threats or emotional abuse, improper care of medical problems, untreated injuries, poor hygiene, prolonged period before presenting for medical attention, depression or other mental illness, extent of confusion or dementia, drug or alcohol abuse, quality/nature of relationships with caregivers. Physical Examination and Laboratory Tests The physical examination is often used as legal evidence of mistreatment. Laboratory and imaging studies should be performed to confirm any suspicious findings in the history and physical examination. The presence of dehydration and malnutrition can be established with simple laboratory tests such as a complete blood count and measurement of blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, protein and albumin levels. Radiographic studies provide evidence of old and new fractures. Unfortunately, proving that a fracture was caused by abuse can be difficult (HHS fact sheet, 2005). Role of advance nurse and nursing intervention strategies- The nurses can play a vital role as a case finder, manager, advocate, educator, researcher and caregiver to physically abused elderly and family or caregiver in a given community. Inform the decision makers about the magnitude, trends and characteristics of violent deaths; and, evaluate and continue to improve by educating the patient and the care giver, and if is necessary reporting the abuser to the authorities. Nurses should involve the case managers and the social workers, document all the findings accurately and report the mistreatment case as soon as possible. Documentation Documentation of all findings may be entered as evidence in criminal trials or in guardianship hearings. Documentation must be complete, thorough and legible. Such circumstances dictate that there is a â€Å"chain of evidence.† This need mandates a careful collection of physical evidence, which is critical in cases of suspected sexual or physical abuse. Laboratory data and, when possible, photographs should be used for verification of written documentation. Management Management of elder mistreatment first involves discussing the situation with the patient, if feasible. The patient should be allowed to play a role  in the ultimate resolution, if he or she is able to do so. First, the competency of the patient should be determined. Local and state social services have different methods of addressing mistreatment. Social workers from hospitals, clinics or long term care facilities are valuable resources and should be able to assist with these services. Multidisciplinary teams can be very effective. These teams typically include geriatricians, social workers, case management nurses and representatives from legal, financial and adult protective services. Multidisciplinary teams are often more effective in problem-solving and provide a forum for discussion with participants involved in the older adult’s care. Senior advocacy volunteer groups are also helpful. A senior advocate can provide information to the abused person and enable access to resources from community programs and social services. Basic Features of the Physical Examination Head- Traumatic alopecia or other evidence of direct physical violence; poor oral hygiene; Skin- Hematomas, welts, bite marks, burns, decubitus ulcers; Musculoskeletal- fractures or signs of previous fractures; Neurological- cognitive impairment that is a risk factor for mistreatment and influences management decisions regarding competency; Genito rectal- poor hygiene, inguinal rash, impaction of feces; General- weight loss, dehydration, poor hygiene, unkempt appearance (LA4Seniors, 2005). Reporting All health care providers (physicians, nurses, social workers, etc.) and administrators are mandated by law to report suspected elder mistreatment. The laws differ from state to state; physicians should determine the specific requirements in their states. Any other person may also report suspected abuse and neglect. All reporters are immune from civil liability if they act in good faith and without malice. They are also protected from termination of employment. Health care providers can be found to be negligent if they fail to report the suspected mistreatment. Penalties can include fines, imprisonment or loss of licensure. Reports of suspected elder mistreatment should be given to the state or county division of adult protective services. In the absence of such services, the reporter should contact the county extension office or the state’s office of child and  family services. In addition, any Area Agency on Aging would be able to provide assistance in reporting suspected mistreatment. The National Domestic Violence Hotline (telephone: 800-799-SAFE) or the Older Women’s League (telephone: 800-825-3695) could also help. Contacting the police is always an option, especially in an urgent situation (HHS fact sheet, 2005). In the event that the older adult is a resident of a long term care facility, a separate mechanism often exists for investigating suspected mistreatment through the state agency that surveys these facilities. Identifying the appropriate avenue for investigation can be done through the available adult protective service agency or the state department of child and family services (Elder Abuse, 2005). Once suspected mistreatment has been reported, the responsible agency will assign a social worker to investigate the case. The social worker will provide an accurate description of the home or nursing-facility environment. After assessment, the social worker may provide insight into some possible solutions to the problem and information about available resources. Unlike cases of child abuse, if the older adult is competent to make decisions, he or she may refuse intervention. If the older adult is not competent to make decisions, a guardian can be appointed by the state. The guardian can then direct care as needed until the problem is satisfactorily resolved. Injury Prevention- In healthy people there is no precise data specific for elder abuse, but these are related data from that site. The target rate for physical assault by intimate partner is 3.3 physical assaults per 1,000, and the baseline is 4.4 physical assaults per 1,000. The target rate for annual rate of rape is 0.7 rapes or attempted rapes per 1,000 persons, and the base line is 0.8 rapes or attempted rapes per 1,000 (Health people, 2010). Objectives from Healthy People 2010 Reduce injuries, disabilities, and deaths due to injuries and violence, and educating the primary care givers about the signs and symptoms of abuse or mistreatment, and educating them about alternative coping mechanisms. Several themes become evident when examining reports on injury prevention and control, including acute care, treatment, and rehabilitation. First, injury comprises a group of complex problems involving many different sectors of society. No single force working alone can accomplish everything  needed to reduce the number of injuries. Improved outcomes require the combined efforts of many fields, including health, education, law, and safety sciences. Second, many of the factors that cause injuries are closely associated with violent and abusive behavior (Health people, 2010). Violence and Abuse Prevention Violence in the United States is pervasive and can change quality of life. Reports of children killing children in schools are shocking and cause parents to worry about the safety of their children at school, and if the problem is untreated the aggression later on will turn on the parents or older adults. Reports of gang violence make people fearful for their safety. Although suicide rates began decreasing in the mid-1990s, prior increases among youth aged 10 to 19 years and adults aged 65 years and older have raised concerns about the vulnerability of these population groups. Intimate partner violence and sexual assault threaten people in all walks of life (Elder Abuse, 2005). Violence claims the lives of many of the Nation’s young persons and threatens the health and well-being of many persons of all ages in the United States. On an average day in America, 53 people die from homicide, and a minimum of 18,000 persons survive interpersonal assaults, and as many as 3,000 persons attempt suicide (Elder Abuse, 2005). Elderly, females, and children continue to be targets of both physical and sexual assaults, which are frequently perpetrated by individuals they know. Examples of general issues that impede the public health response to progress in this area include the lack of comparable data sources, lack of standardized definitions and definitional issues, lack of resources to establish adequately consistent tracking systems, and lack of resources to fund promising prevention programs. Disparities Adults aged 65 years and older are at increased risk of death from fire because they are more vulnerable to smoke inhalation and burns and are less likely to recover. Sense impairment (such as blindness or hearing loss) may prevent older adults from noticing a fire, and mobility impairment may prevent them from escaping its consequences. Older adults also are less likely to have learned fire safety behavior and prevention information,  because they grew up at a time when little fire safety was taught in schools, and most current educational programs target children (Healthy people, 2010). Opportunities To reduce the number and severity of injuries, prevention activities must focus on the type of injury—drowning, fall, fire or burn, firearm, or motor vehicle. Understanding injuries allows for development and implementation of effective prevention interventions. Some interventions can reduce injuries from violence-related episodes. For instance, efforts to promote awareness in society can help reduce the risk of assault, intentional self-inflicted and elder neglect and abuse. Higher taxes on alcoholic beverages are associated with lower death rates for some categories of violent crime, including mistreatment, abuse, and rape (Healthy people, 2010). Healthy People Objectives This organization encourages the Individuals, groups, and other organizations to use this framework and integrate it into their current programs, events, publications, and meetings, schools, colleges, and civic organizations to undertake activities in order to further the health of all members of their community. It is a national initiative that aims to improve the health of all Americans and eliminate disparities in health. Reducing the prevalence and overall number of people who suffer from different variety of diseases, and increase concerns for the nation’s elderly, and to reduce the overall rate of elder abuse, prevent its associated health problems, and educating the care givers and enhancing their coping mechanisms and alternative modalities to deal with the related stress. Health care providers can encourage their patients to pursue healthier lifestyles and to participate in community-based programs. By following the national objectives, individuals and organizations c an build an agenda for community health improvement and can monitor results over time. Healthy People objectives have been specified by Congress as the measure for assessing the progress of the Indian Health Care Improvement Act, the Maternal and Child Health Block Grant, and the Preventive Health and Health  Services Block Grant. Healthy People objectives have been used in performance measurement activities (Healthy people, 2010). Many objectives focus on interventions designed to reduce or eliminate illness, disability, and premature death among individuals and communities, and to educate the care giver regarding recognizing elder abuse, and prevention modalities; others focus on broader issues, such as improving access to quality health care, strengthening public health services, and improving the availability and dissemination of health-related information. Each objective has a target for specific improvements to be achieved by the year 2010. Together, these objectives reflect the depth of scientific knowledge as well as the breadth of diversity in the Nation’s communities. More importantly, they are designed to help the Nation achieve Healthy People 2010’s two overarching goals and realize the vision of healthy people living in healthy communities (Healthy people, 2010). Interim Progress toward Year 2000 Objectives Numerous objectives addressed injury prevention in Healthy People 2010. Twenty-six objectives were specific for unintentional injuries, and 19 objectives were specific for violence prevention. By the end of the decade, targets had been met for 11 objectives. Unintentional injury objectives showing achievement were unintentional injury hospitalizations, residential fire deaths, nonfatal head injuries, spinal cord injuries, nonfatal homicide poisonings, and pedestrian deaths. Violence prevention objectives that met their targets were, suicide, weapon carrying by adolescents, conflict resolution in schools, and child death review systems. REFERENCES Elder Abuse and Neglect Statistics (2005). In search of solutions. Retrieved on 8/20/05 from http://www.apa.org/pi/aging/eldabuse.html Healthy people 2010(2005). Retrieved on 8/20/05 from http://www.healthypeople.gov LA4Seniors (2005). A public service website for seniors and their families. Retrieved on 8/20/05 from www.la4seniors.com/elder abuse.htm National center on elder abuse (2005). Retrieved on 8/20/05 from http://www.elderabusecenter.org HHS fact sheet (2005). US department of health and human services. Retrieved on 8/20/05 from www.hhs.gov/news/press/2000pres/20000503b.html Physical abuse of the elderly (2005). Physical abuse of the elderly: signs, descriptions, and what you can do about it. Retrieved on 8/21/05 from http://de.essortment.com/physicalabusee_rfjb.htm