Fear of Crime Survey Results

Dread of Crime Survey Results Information The informational collection utilized and dissected comprised of results from occupants (N=300) who partook in the 2014, Gold Coast Community Survey on dread of wrongdoing and the elements that are related with singular impression of what adds to their dread. The information assembled from the study examinations gatherings of all out factors including dread, segment attributes, news and data, just as network qualities. Dread and News and data are ordered into their own factors with various qualities, though segment and network attributes are assembled spoken to by singular factors and further spoke to through different qualities. Segment qualities incorporate; sexual orientation, age, pay and instruction level. Network attributes incorporate; aggregate proficiency and Social attachment. An itemized portrayal of the informational collection incorporating values is appeared in Table 1. In this investigation the essential center is to decide the relationship among dread and different el ements, along these lines confirming that dread is the all out dependant variable and the ensuing factors are autonomous factors. Table 1 Sub-test size and Frequencies of factors. (Nâ ­=300) Strategies To decide if there was an association between dread of wrongdoing and different components that might impact or are related with each individual’s observations, a chi-square r x c test for freedom was led on the collected information. This test was picked to be led for this examination because of the considerable number of factors being utilized are absolute with numerous qualities. In this way meeting two suppositions for the chi-square test for autonomy; every clear cut variable (Nominal or Ordinal) and should comprise of at least two unmitigated factors. The other essential suspicion of the chi-test for freedom, which is the normal recurrence ought not dip under five in over 25% of the cells in a possibility table was likewise met. The outcomes showed just two (4.55%) cells falling beneath the normal recurrence tally of five, with the base being 2.08, in this way not adding to over 25% cells of the possibility tables. Results A chi-square r x c test for freedom was performed to analyze the relationship or relationship between dread of wrongdoing and different elements that added to every members recognitions. Inside this investigation there were different factors to be inspected to decide the relationship with dread of wrongdoing, the huge discoveries will be talked about before results table 2. Inside the period of member variable, 48% of members beyond 65 years old were frightful of wrongdoing, contrasted with 2.3% of members matured somewhere in the range of 55 and 64, 4.7% of members between the ages of 25 and 54 years, and 3.3% of members matured somewhere in the range of 15 and 24 years. The connection between the dependant variable dreadful/not frightful and the variable time of member, demonstrated that there was a critical affiliation (Xâ ² (3, N=300) = 106.59, p ≠¤ .001). The Cramer’s V was 0.59, in this way bringing about around 35% change of frequencies of dread can be clarified b y the difference old enough. Inside the variable news and data, 46.7% of members saw the TV expanded dread of wrongdoing contrasted with 3.3% because of the radio, 7.0% because of print, 1.3% because of the web and 0% because of different sources. The connection between the dependant variable and the variable of news and data, demonstrated that there was likewise a huge affiliation (Xâ ² (4, N=300) = 59.39, p ≠¤ .001). The Cramer’s V was .445, along these lines bringing about around 20% change of frequencies of dread can be clarified by the variable of news and data. Both the Age variable and the news and data variable demonstrated factually higher relationship with dread of wrongdoing, speaking to factors from segment attributes and news and data; contrasted with interchange factors, especially network qualities. Further nitty gritty consequences of factors appeared in table 2. Table 2 Aftereffects of chi-square test on factors related with dread on wrongdoing End The factors age and news and data both have a noteworthy relationship with the dread of wrongdoing inside the Gold coast network. Tending to the exploration questions, the previous information shows that segment qualities and news and data both are identified with occupants dread of wrongdoing in this way, presuming the responses to investigate question one and two are, valid, there is a connection The third examination question enquiring the connection between network attributes and inhabitants dread of wrongdoing, despite the fact that the information closed there is a slight relationship, it isn't as noteworthy as different factors. Thusly it is proposed that procedures address the inhabitants dread on wrongdoing by concentrating on the factor old enough and the creation of news and data of wrongdoing, to change the observations.

Investment policy statement Essay Example for Free

Venture approach explanation Essay Return Requirements: * Tax minimization †a proceeding with insurance objective * Inflation modification improvement of speculations genuine development of capital with conceivable additional arrival if conceivable. Hazard Tolerance: * Investment chance †okay 1. The Muellers have been dealing with their own ventures and know about hazard yet may not comprehend volotiliity totally because of their high part of unpredictable stocks inside the portfolio 2. Need to accommodate their daughter’s school instruction 3. High assessment section (30% on pay and 20% on net acknowledged increases) Requirements: Time Horizon: The Muellers are generally youthful have still a great deal of time to work and likely putting something aside for retirement is in their plan. The primary objective is to accommodate their daughter’s instruction and costs related with it. This objective would be viewed as long haul yet is moderately short in contrast with conceivable putting something aside for retirement. Liquidity Requirement: There is a progressing stream of salary accessible. Their may in any case be some liquidity needs so as to accommodate the costs of the advanced degree alongside life costs related with both The Muller’s and their little girl. Charges: The family is in the most elevated of sections. Future speculations should consider on an uncertain premise. Assessment protected speculations ought to be thought of and will probably profit the family more than significant returns that are available. Legitimate and Regulatory: The Muellers might want to screen their own speculations, so their ventures are commonly just represented by state law. One of a kind Circumstances: Past ineffective speculations of $100,000 can be utilized to balance charge conveyances on net acknowledged additions. Most significant perspective and is extraordinary to the immersion, Incoming costs of $90,000 for the principal year of school and afterward steady four additional long periods of $40,000 of school costs.

Blog Archive B-School Chart of the Week November 2016 Social Currency Rankings

Blog Archive B-School Chart of the Week November 2016 Social Currency Rankings Rankings come in all shapes and sizes, but can any ranking truly capture social cachet? For a different perspective on the value of an MBA, we turn to the  New York Times  society pages, where the editors select and profile promising couples. Each month, we dedicate one B-School Chart of the Week to tallying how alumni from top-ranked business schools are advancing their social currency ranking. Like many couples planning their weddings, MBAs seem to have a preference for hosting their nuptials during the summer season. This is evident in the New York Times wedding section, which profiled only 18 unions involving MBAs in Novemberâ€"half the number that the newspaper covered in July, for example. Harvard Business School (HBS) was the only school to boast a double-MBA wedding this month: newlyweds Valerie Gong and Gregory Ambrosia both received their business degrees from HBS. Graduates from the New York University Stern School of Business, Columbia Business School (CBS), and Yale School of Management were quite busy as well, as three MBAs from Stern and two from both CBS and Yale tied the knot last month. With only a few weeks  left in the year, are MBAs racing to the altar in December? Share ThisTweet B-School Charts Harvard University (Harvard Business School)

The Culture Of African Slaves - 792 Words

The people of Honduras are descendants of African slaves, who have made a name for themselves through their maintenance of culture. Their food, music and history are something for the books. Yet for some reason, you really do not hear much about them. The Honduran people are separated into two various categories, the Creole and the Garifunas. They are similar in some ways, such as their fishing culture as well as how they made into to the country known as Honduras. During the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade, more Africans intended for slavery went to Central and South America than the US, which caused more African descendants throughout Latin America. African migrants and indigenous Indians blended together, giving birth to the Afro-Honduran people or â€Å"Garifuna†. They helped create trends that are still popular today, such as dreadlocks, â€Å"mixing† of languages, and much more. Let us begin with how the Afro-Honduran people came to be. West Africans that were destined for slavery that somehow ended up ship-wrecked or managed to escape from the Caribbean Islands intermarried immigrants of South America and gained their name Garifunas. They eventually spread to other countries to establish fishing villages in places such as Belize, Guatemala, and Honduras. With help from the Spanish, Honduran Garifuna s transported themselves from Roatan, which is the largest island in the Honduras Bay, to the mainland. The Garifuna are one of the two only Afro-Hondurans regarded as a distinctShow MoreRelatedThe Culture Of The African Slaves Essay2527 Words   |  11 Pages â€Æ' Art is important to every culture, in every country, on every continent. Art is especially important to those who are oppressed in society. This reasoning is true for the culture of the African slaves in the United States from 1830 to 1877 in particular who were forced out of the life they knew, stripped of their names, and told even beaten to forget their heritage. The method to doing this is by examining the works of several enslaved artists from that time in history, and events that happenedRead MoreThe African American Slave Influence On The Beginnings Of American Culture And Native Americans Essay1948 Words   |  8 PagesThe African American slave influence in the beginnings of American culture and technology and Native Americans of the North American Continent were significant in creating America. By revealing the different ways this achieved, we can see the work and techniques that drove the new country and how this created by the political, as well as ideological ramificati ons of their labors. With all of these contributions to the new country of the United States, we see that the formation of the world powerRead MoreAfrican American Culture in 1860 Essay769 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿AP United States History African American Culture from the Early to Mid-1800’s Throughout American history, African Americans fought to establish their own culture. Even though they were silenced by white laws and stereotypes, African Americans created their own distinct culture, to a certain extent from 1800 to 1860. By mixing their African American traditions and Christian ideas, they formed a religion, their own version of Christianity. African American rebellions, though small and infrequentRead MoreAmerican Institutional And Intellectual Life Essay1455 Words   |  6 Pagesinstitution of slavery destroyed African culture in America, and whether it reduced slaves to a child-like state of dependency and incompetence. 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These migrations, or Diasporas, began with religious voyages and cultural exchanges and evolved to the slave trade and the deportation of black men, women and children to new colonies as workers and servants. Long before the Atlantic slave trade grew, merchants from Greece and the Roman EmpireRead MoreAfrican American Culture Essay1025 Words   |  5 PagesAfrican American culture contains aspects of both African and European culture at its roots. While there are claims that all traces of African heritage were beaten and stolen through processes of acculturation, I believe that the foundation, as well as a significant portion of practices and behaviors can be found in African culture. Many slaves held on tightly to their African heritage, while a slave culture sought invisibility through assimilating into European American culture. These major influencesRead MoreAfrican American Culture in the Americas741 Words   |  3 Pages African Americans brought over a distinctive culture into America from Africa. The Africans can create many different sounds that we never knew about. They revived the way we held church and worship, and brought joy to many citizens. African Americans enslaved by the South created a truly magnificent culture in slavery using new music, oral traditions, and religious ideas. Many African countries are known for their spectacular music, and during the time of slavery many African American slavesRead More African Diaspora Essay1641 Words   |  7 PagesAfrican Diaspora The study of cultures in the African Diaspora is relatively young. Slavery and the trans-Atlantic slave trade brought numerous Africans, under forced and brutal conditions, to the New World. Of particular interest to many recent historians and Africanists is the extent to which Africans were able to transfer, retain, modify or transform their cultures under the conditions of their new environments. Three main schools of thought have emerged in scholarly discussion

The world today is surrounded with many controversial...

The world today is surrounded with many controversial issues. One such issue would be the topic of gay marriage. This country has grown around one major tradition, being the definition of marriage. It’s more-less looked at as a religious or legal commitment between a women and man, to express their love and compassion towards one another, being the last and final step there is to take with that significant other. Homosexual relationships are rapidly gaining acceptance in this country. However, the Defensive of Marriage Act, that former president Clinton signed in 1996, is holding many back from being able to marry what could be the significant other of their dreams. Homosexuality effects from 8% to 15% of all males, as well as females†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬ËœComing out’ contributes a great amount to better health as their social/professional circles adjusts to this information that goes completely against the values they were brought up to know. LBG’ s can live a denounced life where inclusion in a normal social function is limited because of the diversity. Many people or groups against LGB’s may openly direct disapproval, rejection, frustration may build up stress leading to low self-esteem and high levels of anxiety, which is likely to lead to major depressive disorders. The factors that severely impact these small, but potentially major disorders in LBG’s are being discriminated against, abused by control or repressed, bias opinions being out in the open, non-acceptance and rejection from peers, or even their loved ones. Most of these emotions are sent out from individual heterosexuals and anti-gay groups. â€Å"Over 50% of national youth servicing organizations report that they do not have services or resources in place to educate youth on sexual orientation or to support gay and lesbian youth.† We cannot expect society to understand if we don’t teach them to understand. Today, the likelihood of t herapy to ‘overcome homosexuality’ is considered outdated, ineffective and harmful as such attempts have never shown to be successful. These attempts serve to reinforce a physical type of profanity towards the LBG community, particularly if therapy is attempted by non-mental health professionals but those withShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Salinger s The Rye 1334 Words   |  6 Pagestaught in American high schools because the book includes many controversial subjects surrounding teenagers, including depression, suicide, social isolation, and teenage angst, all of which many students can relate to and identify with. Readers of the book can learn important lessons about life, perception, and dealing with our emotions. Including the book in an academics course is a good idea because readers of all ages can learn a lot about issues surrounding teenagers. For example: It is interestingRead MoreEssay on Americans Get an F in Religion1311 Words   |  6 PagesMarch 27, 2013 Americans get an ‘F’ in religion Essay Assignment The focal purpose of the article ‘Americans get an ‘F’ in religion’ by Cathy Lynn Grossman is to explain how ignorant Americans are when it comes to other religions around the world and their own. Religion is a set of beliefs concerning the cause, nature, and purpose of the universe, especially when considered as the creation of a superhuman agency or agencies, usually involving devotional and ritual observances, and often containingRead MoreThe Issue Of Capital Punishment1383 Words   |  6 Pagescrimes. This modus of punishment, otherwise referred to as capital punishment, is one used by the United States, her military, and most of her states. Most of the developed countries in this world have voided this coarse method of punishment, but the United States situation poses many complex issues, which cause this seemingly easily solvable problem to be one of the very issues, which divides this nation. The issue of capital punishment in the U.S. may be discuss ed through the process by which itRead MoreAbortion: A Controversial Debatable Topic Essay1505 Words   |  7 PagesAbortions have long been a controversial and debatable topic. Politicians and religious groups, and most individuals have a strong opinion or view regarding the topic. Society has two very different views regarding abortions. Those that oppose abortions for various reasons are considered pro-life, while those that believe abortion is a woman’s choice are considered pro-choice. The arguments that each side believes are considerably very different and often cause outrage or extreme emotional responsesRead MoreThe Changing Context Of Dying1132 Words   |  5 PagesWe are born into a world that is unknown to us. We grow up forming our own interpretations of the world around us. Trying to conceptualize the explanation of our existence, but what doctrine or moral conduct do we follow, which one do we deem noteworthy enough to hold absolute truth? As we live we b egin to love, and form relationships with our families, friends, coworkers, neighbors, and other people in our social sphere. We leave our families to create our own families, taking what we have learnedRead MoreUnited There Is Little We Can Not Do1071 Words   |  5 Pages1961 with his inaugural speech. President Kennedy covered many topics that were both important and controversial at the time that the speech was given; those matters included, but were not limited to, human rights and liberties, world peace, poverty in and around the country, arms control, and the uniting between all nations few and far between. John F. Kennedy was wise in not only his order of which he recognized and introduced the many problems that were great deals at that time, but also the wayRead MoreHow Do Ethics Play a Role in the Pursuit of Knowledge in the Field of Arts1472 Words   |  6 Pagesstages of life. Most people are so aware of ethical norms that to a certain extent it has been considered co mmon sense. On the contrary, if morality was nothing more than common sense, then why are there so many ethical disputes and issues in today’s society? This topic raises various knowledge issues in the fields of arts and natural sciences such as â€Å"To what extent do ethical considerations constrain the production of knowledge in natural sciences?† and â€Å"How far do ethics play a role in the pursuitRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1615 Words   |  7 PagesGrowing up, everyone has been taught that Drugs are bad. As kids, we nodded and promised not to be influenced by drugs; however, many people in society today are drug users or addicts. If legalized, marijuana would benefit the United States in terms of health, economy, and social reparations. Marijuana restriction laws may have a huge effect on underage usage. There has been similar evidence from the regulation of tobacco and alcohol. The correlation of smoking and drinking limits with the loweredRead MoreJohn And The Issues Of Celebrity Humanitarianism1524 Words   |  7 PagesELTON JOHN AND THE ISSUES OF CELEBRITY HUMANITARIANISM A phenomenon that has been prevalent since the 1980s, the topic of celebrity humanitarianism has accumulated vast amounts of literature and critiques. Here, I will focus on the critiques that are the most relevant to Elton John: the complicated interactions between celebrity motivations, celebrities’ role as communicators, and the unaccountability of celebrities. Celebrity Motivations Underlying the many critiques of celebrity humanitarianismRead MoreSeneca A Genius Or Overrated1726 Words   |  7 PagesSeneca: A Genius or Overrated? Seneca, a renowned and well respected philosopher, is the author behind the ancient dialogues Moral Letters to Lucilius and On the Happy Life, among many others. Throughout these two dialogues, Seneca shares his stoic views. Although he disagreed on some views, he felt strongly about others. His ideas mainly focus around the need to pursue happiness by adherently pursuing the nature of reasoning. Thus, he advocates the importance of pursuing happiness right-minded

Online vs Brick and Mortar - 844 Words

Rough Draft Kathleen Jacobie COM170 10/27/2014 Laura L. Dorsey Online vs. Brick-and-Mortar Shopping One of the opportunities we have in today’s world is whether to buy online or go to a brick and mortar store to do our purchasing. The two offer great sales and promotions along with selections from which we can choose. As online shopping and brick and mortar may seem similar; however, both differ in pricing, convenience and selection. Discounts are offered both online and in store which makes it easy for the purchaser to products at lower prices. The user that chooses to buy in-store may have special shopping times in order to receive a discount or closeout price. The online customer needs to have a promotional code, or†¦show more content†¦PayPal allows the customer to purchase products with their bank account or credit cards and all they need to do is setup a free account. Identity theft has become very popular both online and in store. The customer needs to check their financial records frequently and to be sure not to give out personal information unless the y have reason to trust them. Hacking has become so popular, and consumers need to be aware of ways to protect themselves such as using a prepaid credit card while making online purchases. The customer should only put the amount of money they wish to spend on the prepaid card so if they are one of the customer’s who are hacked, they won’t lose anything. Stores often time have a final sale on some items or a no return policy. Customers need to be aware and ask questions if unsure. Online customers run the risk of orders not arriving, not arriving on time or packages being lost. Stores also offer competitor price matching tools to track prices and offer discounts if products are defective or opened. Buyers will use both ways of shopping to their desired advantage. The benefits of both shopping online and in the stores areShow MoreRelatedOnline Shopping Vs Brick And Mortar1483 Words   |  6 PagesOnline Shopping vs Brick and Mortar Times are changing faster than ever. It seems like only yesterday that mail order catalogs, grocery stores, and shopping malls were the places to shop for items for our homes and our lives. As with all things, technology advances us to places we would have scoffed at in times past, and as technology advances, so do our shopping trends. Today, the high-energy bustle of the malls of America is dwindling down to lonely, dilapidated store fronts with â€Å"space forRead MoreOnline Shopping vs Brick and Mortar1459 Words   |  6 PagesOnline Shopping VS Brick and Mortar Ann Gove COMM/155 December 10, 2011 Marianne Raley Online shopping VS Brick and Mortar Does the idea of shopping in Italy, France, or Japan at 3:00 am in your pajamas while snuggled up on the couch sound like a good idea? Then internet shopping is the way to go. As of the first twenty five days of the November- December 2011 Holiday season internet sales totaled 12.7 billion dollars, that’s an increase of 15% since last year. Online shopping dominates theRead MoreEssay on Online vs Brick and Mortar Shopping1029 Words   |  5 PagesOnline vs. Brick-and-Mortar Shopping The Internet has changed the way we do virtually everything, including the way we shop. However, shopping is not the only thing that has changed. In the last decade we have changed the way, we apply for loans, study, and even plan a vacation. Doing any of these things would have been impossible a few decades ago. At present, online banking, paying bills, ordering new services, and shopping online have become part of our daily lives. Traditional brick-and-mortarRead MoreBrick Mortar vs. Online Stores1003 Words   |  5 PagesSaving money takes time and sensible planning. As an online business owner saving money leads to further funds for the business. Both forms of shopping have their own positives and negatives. With careful research, there are many deals to find when combing both brick and mortar and online shopping. When choosing to shop online or at a brick and mortar store, start by weighing the pros and cons of each established method of shopping. When shopping online a consumer is are able to browse multiple storesRead MoreOnline Shopping vs. Brick and Mortar Shopping966 Words   |  4 PagesBrick and mortar shopping and online shopping compare and contrast in many different ways. Some of the ways are obvious such as one is online and one is an actual store, but there are others that many different people would not even think about if they didn’t shop in both settings regularly. Knowing the benefits of online shopping and shopping in store can not only save a person the hassle of getting out when something may be better to get online, but it can also save a person tons of money knowingRead MoreOnline Classroom Vs. Traditional Brick And Mortar Classroom904 Words   |  4 PagesThe first distinction between learning in an online classroom versus that of a traditional brick and mortar classroom is that of time. Students log into their virtual classroom at times of their choosing to learn and complete assignments. The virtual campus that we use has click functions that are set up like a regular classroom. These functions mimic interactions between course facilitators and students in traditional settings. V camp has an announcements section like a bulletin board on a campusRead MoreThe Debate: Online Learning Versus Brick and Mortar Learning1540 Words   |  7 Pagesout that she was taking online courses that was accredited I soon realized this maybe the opportunity I was looking for. I did some research and found an accredited school that offered a Bachelors Degree through online learning. I received my Bachelors Degree and graduated with honors taking online classes in less time than the traditional method of learning. Online courses require self-motivation and discipline in order to be successful. The true benefits of online courses are that you haveRead MoreConsumer Perceptions Towards E Grocery Market1396 Words   |  6 Pagesfacilitates online transaction between business entities and consumer for various product and services. As market penetration of internet is rising which leads to the growth of e-grocery sector in India. Social media has impacted the growth of online consumers dynamically in Tier I cities. Some e-commerce players came up with the online grocery market concept but not able to sustain which reflects about the dynamic environment toward e-grocery. E-grocery allows consumers to purchase grocery online throughRead MoreThe Importance Of Quality Content On An Ecommerce Site1325 Words   |  6 PagesContent on an eCommerce Site [online vs brick and mortar online vs brick and mortar] The Importance of Quality Content on an eCommerce Site High-quality content ranks as the single most important factor for convincing B2B customers to buy products over the Internet. When purchasing online, buyers can t thump the products, smell them, feel them, taste them, use them or throw them against the wall to see what sticks--there s no tactile experience. Online vs. brick -and-mortar sales require exceptionalRead MoreBusiness Startup Challenges: Musicjuice.net Case Study679 Words   |  3 Pagesmoney is usually tight. Bad decisions happen because of unpreparedness, and partners disagree. All of these can lead to the quick breakup of a company. An internet company has the advantage of not needing as much money to startup as a traditional brick and mortar business. The internet startup also does not need a traditional product, advertising or as many other resources (Makler, 2006). It is easier in some respects to get this type pof company off the ground because it can be started the day the idea

Analysis of Our Lane by Ahmed Ali free essay sample

Our Lane by Ahmed Ali Our Lane is a short story which was written before the partition of sub-continent. Short story is a short fiction, condensed and with no sub-plots. This short story is a summary of Twilight In Delhi, a novel by the same writer. Setting of the story is pre- partition Delhi. The flashback and flash-forward technique has been employed In the narration and narrator Is first person. All the characters are flat: no change occurs; they do not undergo any psychological change. The main theme of the story is the decay of Muslim civilization In India, their oral decline and the overall chaos. It depicts the social condition of the Muslims: their miseries, down morality and low mentality. The tone of the story is serious, sad and nostalgic. Throughout the story there is a sense of nostalgia for the lost glory of Muslims and their civilization. Through symbolic language these themes have been carried on. We will write a custom essay sample on Analysis of Our Lane by Ahmed Ali or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The writer represents a vlvld picture of the time, the values of the people then. Being a summary ot Twilight in Delhi, the writers explanation about the theme of Twilight in Delhi is also true about Our Lane. He says: To depict a phase of our national life and the decay of a whole culture, a particular mode of thought and living, values now dead and gone. The writer uses a symbolic language for the decay of Muslim civilization and the prevailing gloom. The old palm tree and Its ugly look, which was once heavy with fruit and a source of attraction, represents the once rich and glorious Muslim clvlllzatlon which has been lost and decayed now. The blowing of wind, the lane filled with dust and the tossing and tumbling bit of paper is very symbolic. The wind is a symbol of foreign rule might the dust In the lane of chaos and the bit of paper of the weakness and frailty of the local people. The dogs fighting for bone and meat and the kites snatching them from the dogs Is also symbolic. The dogs are a symbol of local people, the kites for colonizers, and the bone and meat of resources like land etc. The whole picture represents the colonizers behaviour and role. The cats were sull quarrelling on the root. They purred fiercely This line pictures the prevailing loom over the whole society from bottom to top, not over the human beings only.

A response to Beethoven Moonlight Sonata 3rd movement Essay Example

A response to Beethoven Moonlight Sonata 3rd movement Essay Ludwig van Beethoven’s music is generally understood as the composer’s personal expression of his deep-felt emotions. The mercurial composer not only suffered from a progressively worsening deafness but also turbulent romantic relations. His music is said to capture the high and low moments of his personal and professional lives. His music is also divided into those that were meant for public performance and those that were written for private/intimate enjoyment. The Moonlight Sonata falls into the latter category. The first movement, which is set as Adagio sostenuto sets the romantic mood to perfection. It is very intimate and an expression of longing and anticipation. This is followed b the second movement which is a short Allegretto that provides sharp contrast in tempo and rhythm to the first movement. And finally the third movement, set as Presto agitato, offers an apt conclusion to the sonata. The meaning of the third movement can be interpreted as a longing ful filled or a love requited. It has a bouncy and ebullient character. There is juxtaposition of high and low notes, whose combined effect is one of engaging the attentiveness of the listener. The tempo is largely upbeat throughout the seven minutes and twenty seconds of the movement’s duration. To equate it to modern pop music genres is to look at it as a party or dance number. The movement is a perfect end to the sonata with its alternating mottos of ambiguous dissonance and perfect consonance. An understated harmonic style and tonal focus are also evident in the composition. Influential American composer and music theorist Aaron Copland has laid out some basic rules in judging compositional quality. According to him â€Å"emphasis on the perfect fifth (and its inversion to a perfect fourth) is a characteristic element of mature musical language†. (Copland 1960) Although the 3rd movement does not fully meet this criterion, it compensates in other ways. The numerous fast arpeggios and strongly accented notes make it a demanding piece of music for any pianist. Since Copland saw merit in music that pushes the boundaries of skills of rendition as well as skills of listening, he would have approved of the 3rd movement. Beethoven’s liberal usage of sforzando notes, in combination with the sparsely yet precisely placed fortissimo sections, creates a powerful musical output. Copland’s generally rated drama and emotion highly over technical perfection – the 3rd movement satisfies on both counts. We will write a custom essay sample on A response to Beethoven Moonlight Sonata 3rd movement specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on A response to Beethoven Moonlight Sonata 3rd movement specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on A response to Beethoven Moonlight Sonata 3rd movement specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Another highlight of the final movement is how it incorporates elements from the first two movements so as to establish continuity. This is skillfully carried out by the composer – the end result is one of a multi-layered musical structure that draws upon the essence of the earlier movements and adds a flourish to it. Copland believed that in order to ascertain the merit of a particular piece of music the composition stand up to accepted formal standards. But he also appends that no music can be objectively measured – a large part of the process of appreciation actually lies with the listener. To this end, Copland asks two fundamental questions of listeners – â€Å"Are they hearing everything that is going on? Are they really being sensitive to it?† (Copland 1960) If we are to answer to both these questions in the affirmative, then the 3rd movement of the Moonlight Sonata cannot fail to excite and delight. Reference: Copland, Aaron (1960). Copland on Music. Garden City, NY: Doubleday Company, Inc. Ludwig van Beethoven’s music is generally understood as the composer’s personal expression of his deep-felt emotions. The mercurial composer not only suffered from a progressively worsening deafness but also turbulent romantic relations. His music is said to capture the high and low moments of his personal and professional lives. His music is also divided into those that were meant for public performance and those that were written for private/intimate enjoyment. The Moonlight Sonata falls into the latter category. The first movement, which is set as Adagio sostenuto sets the romantic mood to perfection. It is very intimate and an expression of longing and anticipation. This is followed b the second movement which is a short Allegretto that provides sharp contrast in tempo and rhythm to the first movement. And finally the third movement, set as Presto agitato, offers an apt conclusion to the sonata. The meaning of the third movement can be .

Definition and Examples of an Indefinite Pronoun

Definition and Examples of an Indefinite Pronoun An indefinite pronoun is a  pronoun that refers to an unspecified or unidentified person or thing. Its vague rather than specific, and it doesnt have an antecedent. Indefinite pronouns include quantifiers (some, any, enough, several, many, much); universals (all, both, every, each); and partitives (any, anyone, anybody, either, neither, no, nobody, some, someone). Many of the indefinite pronouns can function as determiners. Positive indefinite pronouns ending in -body can be interchanged with those that end with -one, such as anybody and anyone. Types of indefinite pronouns fit two categories: those that are made up of two morphemes and are called compound pronouns, such as somebody, and those that are followed by the word of, called  of-pronouns, such as all or many.   Singular Indefinite Pronouns Most indefinite pronouns take singular verbs,  either because they represent one thing or because they are collective, and, like collective nouns, agree with singular verbs and pronouns. For example,   Neither of us is available for the committee.Each member of the family has the flu.Everyone works well together.Someone came into the room looking for her water bottle.Everybody kept the information on the surprise to him or herself.Either option presents its own challenges. The disagreement of the singular collective pronouns with pronouns in the predicate is one of the most common errors in formal, written English because informal, spoken English doesnt always adhere to the rule. In informal speech, someone would likely say, Everybody kept the information on the surprise to themselves, and no one would find a reason to correct the speaker, because the context is clear.   Plural and Variable Pronouns Plural indefinite pronouns take plural verbs. For example: Both of us match the description.  Many were hoping for a better outcome.Few were optimistic about this ballgame. Variable indefinite pronouns (all, any, more, most, none, some)  can go with either a plural or a singular verb, based on what noun theyre talking about. Can you count whats being talked about? Then give it a plural verb. For example, Most employees are getting a raise.  All the ice is gone.Some ice cubes are in that cooler.  Any experience is beneficial to the job.  Some of his sadness practically feels  tangible. Prepositional Phrases Watch out when youve got prepositional phrases separating your subject and your verb. Here, each is the subject of the sentence, not friends,  and so takes a singular verb. Each is always singular. Each of her friends wants a different team to win. When you have a prepositional phrase following a variable pronoun, whats in the phrase does help determine which type of verb youll need. Most of the bricks were loose on that wall.Some of the food was past its expiration date. List of Indefinite Pronouns allanyanybodyanyoneanythingbotheacheachoneeithereitheroneenougheveryeverybodyeveryonefewmanymostmuchneitherneitheronenoonenobodynonenothingseveralsomesomebodysomeonesomething Sources Ron Cowan,  The Teachers Grammar of English. Cambridge University Press, 2008 Penelope Choy and Dorothy Goldbart Clark,  Basic  Grammar, and Usage, 8th ed. Wadsworth, 2011 Randolph Quirk et al.,  A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language. Longman, 1985 Andrea B. Geffner,  Business English: The Writing Skills You Need for Todays Workplace, 5th ed. Barrons, 2010

Analysis and critique of an lecture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Analysis and critique of an lecture - Essay Example He claims that 8/10 people worldwide have a religious affiliation with which they identify. He contends that even 68% atheists have a religion aspect that they follow in their life. He attributes the growth to Religion as having an effect on growth on people who have a following in any particular faith. He claims that on average, atheists are more than a decade older in comparison with those religiously affiliated. He supports this argument by offering an example of the Muslim community, which worldwide, has many women who are in the childbearing age. His argument on age in relation to religion, which he bases on findings that he has looked at, tries to show the importance of religion to an economic growth. Even so, that claim remains largely contestable. He observes that religious freedom is under threat in nearly all parts of the world. Such a threat comes mostly from government and social organization. He notes that 43% of countries are in threat of religious freedom. To support his assertions, he gives examples of government restrictions that exist in different countries. Brian is right to note that animosity arises when social religious groups then endeavor to free themselves from these restrictions. Professor Brian is trying to show the increasing religious intolerance even with increased activity to quell it by international agencies. By this, he also brings out the problem of international business interaction that is growing by day as connected with religious feuds being witnessed particular where resources are unfairly distributed based on religion and sects. He points out how social hostility is advanced mostly by sectarian groups. They exist in countries that have government restrictions. That way, Professor Brian tries to show the connection between government restriction and the current increase in sectarian war. He points out that when he goes out to give talks on the

Numerical Precision Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Numerical Precision - Assignment Example 32 bits. Floating point numbers is composed of two components that is, the mantissa and the exponent. The exponent consists of eight bits value which ranges from zero to 255. On the other hand, the mantissa is twenty four bit long with 1 being its most significant bit which is usually never stored. Also, there is a sign bit (+ and -) which is used to indicate whether the number is negative or positive Floating point numbers in arithmetic calculations Floating point numbers calculations vary from machine to machine depending on the precision of the machine. Precision is the degree of correctness a given quantity can be expressed; this includes 32-bit single precision and 64-bit double precision that are stored as 8 and 10 bytes respectively. This representation makes it very easy for hardware manipulation. Assignment of these values doesn’t require the knowledge of how the various numbers are stored in memory. For calculation purposes, this requires the pulling of individual pa rts of the numbers involved and manipulating them accordingly. Floating point used in arithmetic computations are easy to work with since they are expressed to base 2 and the exponent is a decimal value that can be expressed as binary within the computer. The fixed number notation of representing floating point numbers may lead to loss of precision such as expressing results in form of 32 bits and they may be greater than 32 bits. Floating point arithmetic is slow and hence less efficient compared to integer arithmetic. Also, floating point arithmetic is less accurate due to round off errors. Floating point format is not memory efficient at all. This is because the results of computation will require additional storage in memory which may be limited. This is usually the case with majority of computers especially personal computers and it’s therefore advisable to let dedicated devices to perform floating point computations. Binary Coded Decimal format This format is a format f or representing decimal numbers such that each number is represented by a number of bits (four or eight bits).There is the packed and unpacked varied binary coded decimal formats. In the packed format, each decimal number is represented using 4 bits (nibble) while in the unpacked format each decimal is represented using a byte (8 bits). For example to represent a number like 41 in binary coded decimal format will be Packed format: 0100 0001 and the unpacked format will be 0000 0100 0001 The packed BCD format is more memory efficient since it reduces on the number of unused bits added to a number. Comparison of the BCD format to the floating point format Precision BCD values are very accurate as compared to floating point numbers. This is because BCD numbers are simply decimal numbers expressed in terms of bits and floating point number format is a scientific notation of large and small values. Performance in calculations BCD numbers are easy to convert and use in arithmetic hence th e overall arithmetic computation is always very fast and efficient. Floating point format numbers must undergo various steps of conversion before they can be used in any computation. These results in some overhead in terms of memory and time hence the computations will be slow. Memory Usage BCD format is efficient in memory usage if the packed version is used. The unpacked version results

Mining Excellence at Redmond Minerals Essay Example for Free

Mining Excellence at Redmond Minerals Essay The HR department now must attain and evaluate each employee contributions to the company on a scale relevant to their position. This is where a high performance work system comes in to play which creates the best possible fit between their employee social system and their equipment technical system. This function of having a high performance work system is based on the reliance of knowledge workers, the empowerment of employees to make decisions, and the use of team work. The HRM practice has to incorporate various measures to create outlets for performance management, training, work design, and compensation to demonstrate the importance for successful output. This in turn allows HRM to focus on the strategy of the company putting emphasis growth and efficiency; allowing the department to implement total quality management practices. Those practices consist of methods and processes that are designed to meet the needs of internal and external customers, every employee in the organization receives quality training, quality is designed into a product or service so that errors are prevented from occurring rather than being detected and corrected in an error-prone product or service, the organization promotes cooperation with vendors/suppliers/and customers to improve quality and hold costs down, and managers measure progress with feedback based on data. (Noe, Hollenbeck, Gerhart, Wright, 2009, p. 7) This practice is also parallel to the reengineering of the company new product focus plan, instead of focusing low costs and low prices the focus became concentrated on unique products which catered to a unique target market of consumers. This will prompt the HR department to help design and implement change so that all employees will be committed to the success of the reengineered organization. This may require addition al training for the new restructuring of their new product line and will give everyone an opportunity to feel comfortable with the new way of operation. Suggestions for Internet Improvements At the organizational level, a successful Human Resources Development program prepares the individual to undertake a higher level of work, â€Å"organized learning over a given period of time, to provide the possibility of performance change† (Nadler 1984). In these settings, Human Resources Development is the framework that focuses on the organizations competencies at the first stage, training, and then developing the employee, through education, to satisfy the organizations long-term needs and the individuals’ career goals and employee value to their present and future employers. Human Resources Development can be defined simply as developing the most important section of any business its human resource by attaining or upgrading employee skills and attitudes at all levels to maximize enterprise effectiveness. The people within an organization are its human resource. Human Resources Development from a business perspective is not entirely focused on the individual’s growth and development, â€Å"development occurs to enhance the organizations value, not solely for individual improvement. Individual education and development is a tool and a means to an end, not the end goal itself†. (Elwood F. Holton II, James W. Trott Jr Journal of Vocational and Technical Education, Vol. 12, No. 2, p7). The broader concept of national and more strategic attention to the development of human resources is beginning to emerge as newly independent countries face strong competition for their skilled professionals and the accompanying brain-drain they experience. If I was tapped for the job of HR Specialist, three ideas that I would suggest in utilizing the internet for HRM would be to use a â€Å"human resource information system† which a computer system used to acquire, store, manipulate, analyze, retrieve, and distribute information related to an organizations human resource. I would also suggest an electronic human resource management application which allows employees to enroll and participate in training programs online, as well as elect benefits packages and read company news. Another aspect to include the technological aspect of HR would be for the basis of record keeping and information sharing. I would implement a â€Å"self service† which means employees have online access to info about HR such as training, compensation, and contracts. My ideas support Roberts’s ideas of running the company because he took on the responsibility of making his employees a priority. He understood the makeup of the niche company and the important resourced asset that will differentiate his product line from his competitors. His ability to be receptive to suggestions from his employees along with giving them the ability to be empowered in their position shows trust in his employees attributes that they will positively add to the success of the company. By creating an open growth focused atmosphere it will stimulate productivity and allow creative ideas to be a foundation for present and future employees to stand on. Willingness to Change From the reading the original owners felt that empowering their employees as a risky move so their stockholding shares were sold to Robert. I believe that Robert’s strategy prompted change and realizing that in order to accomplish goals of the company that his people must be in the forefront. People are your most important asset, because technology, products, and structures can be copied by competitors. No one can match highly charged motivated people that care about the operation of your business and talented creative human capital is the prime ingredient for organizational success. Before within the company it appeared as if the employees under previous management were overworked and underappreciated which caused for lack of growth and stagnated direction overall. By understanding the attitudes of your employees and presenting an atmosphere that is conclusive to the strengthening of a positive work related environment your customers will ultimately reap the benefits and will be the basis for customer retention. The more top management wants an internal commitment from its employees, the more it must involve employees in defining work objectives, specifying how to achieve them and how they will be rewarded and recognized once attained. Reference Noe, R. , Hollenbeck, J. , Gerhart, B. , ; Wright, P. (2009). Trends in Human Resource Management. In J. Weimeister (Ed. ), Fundamentals of Human Resource Management (p. 36). New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.

Dulce et Decorum Est Essay -- English Literature

Dulcet et Decorum Est, is probably the most famous anti-war poem by Wilfred Owen. "Dulcet et Decorum Est," is probably the most famous anti-war poem by Wilfred Owen. It has a harsh meaning and persuasive argument. The anti-war theme and serious tone are effective at portraying war as horrid and devastating. I felt overpowered by blood, guts and death. Although my reaction hasn't changed much through numerous readings, my emotional feelings become more intense with each reading. This poem makes me feel as if I am right there watching the soldier who cannot fasten his mask fast enough and suffers the full effects of deadly gas. 'but someone still is yelling out and stumbling'. This poem also makes me look beyond the death and question the pain inflicted on the mothers who kissed their sons goodbye as they went to defend their country. I imagine the mother receiving word her son has died and being told how noble and patriotic his death was. In his last moments, the soldier and his family become victims of "The old lie". I can clearly understand what the author is sayi...

Morality and Law

We begin this essay with a word about freedom- it is cherished by those who possess it and yearned for by those who have yet to experience it.   Nonetheless, freedom carries with it a high level of responsibility- perhaps not only to follow the letter of the law, but also to pursue one’s freedom with some level of civility or morality.   Therein lies the paradox- where should the line, if any, be drawn between morality and law.   In this essay, several controversial topics which toe the line between legality and morality will be presented and discussed in the hopes of drawing some valid conclusions about this issue.DrugsIf it is safe to say that legally prescribed and utilized drugs are accepted by all but the most staunch of religious zealots, it is also safe to say that illegally prescribed drugs, street drugs and the abuse of any drug is considered immoral, but not by all.   In some parts of the world, certain drugs that would land someone in jail in other nations a re legally and socially accepted.  Ã‚   This fact in itself brings to light an interesting perspective on the issue of morality and law- how closely related is law and morality?In the case of drugs, the relationship seems to be somewhat disjointed in some instances, because illegal drugs are quite literally one of the largest industries in the â€Å"civilized world†.   This can be interpreted as proof that everything that is illegal is not necessarily viewed as immoral as well as a clear example of the dynamic between the expression of freedom and the violation of the rights of others, for any freedom, if it harms innocent people through its exercise, needs to be reevaluated for the common good (Peach, 2002).AlcoholWhen speaking of alcohol, the very topic is in itself enigmatic; for all intents and purposes, alcohol can be classified as a drug because of its ability to alter the senses, distort perceptions, and attract the abuser into a spiral of addiction.   However, i t is considered by the vast majority of the world to be a legal drug, which is to say that it is legal for those of established age to buy, sell, and use alcohol.When left to one’s own devices, the use, purchase or sale of alcohol can be illegal; for example, the operation of motor vehicles while under the influence of alcohol is illegal, as is the sale/purchase of it to/by underage or visibly impaired individuals. Additionally, any use of alcohol is considered morally wrong by many religious/ethical groups.   Therefore, in alcohol, we see the embodiment of the morality/legality argument- some things are legal in some cases, illegal in others, but also reviled in many circles in any circumstance (Peach, 2002).ProstitutionRegarded as the world’s oldest profession, prostitution in one form or another has existed since there has been something of value for which one human being could offer sexual favors to another.   In the 21st century, we see a world where prostitut ion is legal in some nations/parts of nations, and illegal in others.   In the nations where it is legal, it would be assumed that this is so due to the moral tolerance of the masses to allow such a practice.   In a nation like the United States, where very few states allow prostitution, a moral divide exists between advocates and opponents.   Therefore, an interesting point emerges- the possibility that in many cases, societal norms dictate the letter of the law.   When the majority opposes or supports something, or takes no action either way, laws, it can be said, reflect the will of the majority itself (Peach, 2002). Pornography Pornography is yet another illustration of the will of the people to dictate the law, but with a twist- very few people publicly support pornography as something which is good for the general society, yet it is allowed to exist as something legal in many jurisdictions as long as certain universal rules are not violated, such as the use of children in pornography, abuse of innocent victims, etc.In this instance, it is likely that the tolerance of pornography as something legal, yet immoral has as much to do with the pursuit of money on the part of those who benefit financially from pornography as it does with the prurient interests of the public at large.   People who wish to have something immoral because they like it are often times more prone to ignore the bigger picture of the detriment to society that something like pornography represents. Domestic ViolenceViolence against one’s own family members is illegal/immoral in some societies, and not in others- why is this so?   The main reason is associated with religious beliefs.   In theocratic nations, where religious leaders dictate policy and law, there are those cases where the abuse of a wife by a husband, for example, is tolerated if the husband feels it necessary, whereas the abuse of children is almost universally reviled (Peach, 2002).   An interesting point emerges in this situation- the power of morality in some cases to shape the word of law.ConclusionIn this essay, we have seen that morality and law are in some cases exclusive of each other, related in others.   Still further, each of these in some situations can overpower the other due to societal norms, religion, etc.   Whatever the case, in conclusion, one point has become abundantly clear based upon this research- morality cannot always be legislated, nor will morality always make the best laws.   Perhaps the issue of freedom, which began the essay, is a fitting final word- without freedom, the human race suffers, but with it, suffering can also become rampant.   It is the responsibility of the people of the world to exercise freedom-with restraint.ReferencesPeach, L. (2002). Legislating Morality: Pluralism and Religious Identity in Lawmaking. NewYork: Oxford University Press.

Germany Pre World War 1 Free Essay Example, 1000 words

Regardless of the extensive powers that he held, Wilhelm I typically delegated issues concerning policy to Bismarck who was an excellent diplomat and his trusted chancellor with a substantial comprehension of European politics and he brilliantly led Germany through various pressures and tensions. The main objective of Bismarck was to provide Germany with some breathing space through avoidance of war, especially two front wars where Germany could be confronted by Russia and France. In order to achieve this, he took part in chess games as far as foreign policies were concerned through management and manipulation of diplomatic relations between various powers in Europe. Bismarck sought to develop an alliance with Austro-Hungary will developing good relations with Russia and at the same time trying to segregate France, which was becoming belligerent. This steering laid the basis for the prominent alliance systems that is typically blamed for the First World War. When the young Wilhelm II was crowned, it created trouble for Bismarck along with his regime of foreign policies, as the new Kaiser was impatient, with ambition and full of major designs in regards to creating prestige for Germany as well as expansion of its empire and influence over other nations. We will write a custom essay sample on Germany Pre World War 1 or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now He was convinced that new colonies could be gained in the African continent as well as the Pacific, while influence in Europe could be augmented through maximizing on the decline of Ottoman’s hold over Eastern Europe and the Balkans. Bismarck considered these huge ambitions with a lot of concern, as he was always interested in continental and not imperialism and had no interest in interfering with Balkan issues since he thought this could make the tensions worse for Europe. At one point, he made the declaration that a future European war involving the Great Powers would start with some foolish things in the Balkans. The immaturity of the domestic politics of Germany can be linked to the dictatorial determination of Bismarck to inhibit the growth and development of democratic institutions. The foreign policy of Germany owed its on edge elements to the influences of a militarist essence as well as the ethical neutrality of Realpolitik, which was practiced by Bismarck in during the 1860s. Bismarck campaigns also created a situation where the German society started discriminating against the minority communities such as the socialists, Catholics, Poles as well as left liberals. The capitalism that exited in Germany was beneficial to the groups of employers, agrarians and industrialists regardless of its quick flowering. Germany Pre World War 1 Free Essay Example, 1000 words Also, the expectation of the people of the creation of a common market place that will unify and bring together traders and consumers. The unified marketplace was functional as of 1871. The industrialization that was to colonize Germany first took shape and started to gain momentum in 1890s. The momentum of Germany’s industrialization gained significant momentum in early 1900s to the years leading to the First World War. To be general, the nation’s production of industrial commodities increased five folds over the period between 1870s and the offset of the First World War3. Perception of Germany by England. Whenever there is bound to be war, both sides tend to be in tension with each other. This is a universal truth. The same was with Germany and the First World War. However, in modern warfare due to the high number and tremendous amount of resources required to prepare for war, it is very difficult to go undetected. News will somehow manage to leak out that there is bound to be a war, and the two states will certainly be the intention with each other. We will write a custom essay sample on Germany Pre World War 1 or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page Such individuals did their best to educate the society of the importance of peace and tranquility. However not in all instance were accorded justice and sufficient protection. A suitable example is that of Rosa Luxemburg, who tried to inform people of the impact of European imperialism which were mainly negative. She made it known that it would affect not only the working class but also the oppressed people who were in their colonies. Rosa Luxemburg (1871-1919) also condemned the Social Democratic Party of craftily supporting the expansion improvement of the nation’s military resources. Approximately one year later, Rosa Luxemburg was imprisoned because of discouraging people to join the military4. A secret treaty; when an organization or a country has poor command structure, many problems are bound to come up. The same is the case when a country has a constitution that does not clearly define some of the policies especially relating to the spheres of power.

Law Essay Example About UK Trademarks and Intellectual Property - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1549 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Type Case study Did you like this example? Part A In the UK, trademarks are filed and protected on a first-come first-served basis. In this case, therefore, the Canadian All Reds have registered a trademark in the UK and this will take priority over the attempt by Preston Rugby Union Club (PRU). Therefore, when PRU go to register the name ‘Lancashire All Reds, the Canadian All Reds could object to the registration. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Law Essay Example About UK Trademarks and Intellectual Property" essay for you Create order There are several grounds upon which they could object to the registration; these objections would have to be lodged at the Company Names Tribunal which is a department within the UK Intellectual Property Office. In order to make an objection, it will be necessary for the Canadian All Reds to show that the name is the same as their name and that they have built up a degree of goodwill or reputation with the name. The name does not have to be exactly the same; however, it does have to be so similar that it is likely to mislead individuals into believing that the two are linked. One of the factors that have been established when objecting to a trademark registration is that ‘a genuine, properly substantiated likelihood of confusion exists. The case of Royal Berkshire Polo Club stated that, in order for an objection to be successful, it is absolutely essential that there is this element of confusion. In this case, the Royal Berkshire Polo Club attempted to register a trademark that was objected to by the Polo Ralph Lauren Company by virtue of section 5(2) of the Trade Marks Act 1994, stating that it believed the mark was similar to identical goods. This would be the same objection that the Canadian All Reds would bring, due to the fact that they are similar products and that confusion is likely . It was also argued by Ralph Lauren that they had built up a substantial amount of goodwill and as the Canadian All Reds have been in operation for over a century and gained considerable success in this time, it is likely that this argument could also be used by the Canadian All Reds. It was held, in this case, that it was necessary to consider what a reasonable consumer would think and whether confusion would be reasonably likely. Based on this, it will be necessary for the Canadian All Reds to argue that allowing the name ‘Lancashire All Reds (particularly given their nickname ‘All Reds) would confuse consumers. As the Canadian All Reds trademark is registered in the UK and the Lancashire All Reds are also attempting to register in the UK, there is a definite overlap of jurisdiction. Moreover, it is also highly likely that there would be some confusion due to the fact that both organisations operate substantially in the same market place, i.e. in rugby. Based on this and combined with the fact substantial goodwill has been built up in the name ‘Canadian All Reds, it would seem likely that they would be able to object, successfully, to this trademark registration. Part B One of the first issues that the Canadian All Reds will have to consider is whether or not they actually own the intellectual property rights to the logo. The logo was designed by an independent designer employed by the Canadian All Reds. In these circumstances, it would be normal for the contract between the designer and the Canadian All Reds to ensure that any intellectual property rights stemming from the relationship are vested in the Canadian All Reds; this needs to be checked, before the Canadian All Reds could bring any action. The logo is not registered and therefore the action open to the Canadian All Reds would be either passing off or design right infringement . Design rights protect the unique shape or design of a product and not the two dimensional shape. For example, in this case, the actual design of the scarves could be protected and the Canadian All Reds could bring an action against John in relation to the scarves, alongside any action being brought in relation to the logo itself. Design rights are not registered; they are automatically vested in a new design when it is recorded in material form. The Canadian All Reds, therefore, need to ensure that the design right in the merchandise is vested in them, before they become available to the public. This will be the evidence required in order to ensure that an action against John is possible. It should be noted that design rights only exist in the UK and although international recognition is possible, it is not offered as standard. Clothing is capable of gaining design right protection as held in the unreported case of Jo-Y-Jo Ltd v Matalan, in 1999, where knitted vests were held to have design right protection. Alternatively, the Canadian All Reds could bring an action for passing off as defined in Reckitt Colman Ltd v Borden Inc , which they would be able to bring if they could prove that they have built up goodwill in their logo and that the logo of PRU was established and could be a misrepresentation which would confuse consumers. Finally, the Canadian All Reds would have to prove that they had suffered loss as a result. In this case, it may be difficult to prove that the loss has actually occurred, unless the Canadian All Reds could show that individuals were purchasing items from PRU instead of themselves, by accident, which is unlikely for rugby union fans who would understand the differences between the two teams. Part C In this case, the Canadian All Reds would have to rely on the law of passing off in order to prevent John from selling the scarves outside the grounds. It does not confer an exclusive right on the owner; it is a protection from misrepresentation. In order to prove the case for passing off, it would be necessary for the Canadian All Reds to show that they had goodwill in the mark, which they do have, and that there had been some form of misrepresentation and that this had damaged their goodwill . It would be up to the Canadian All Reds to show that they did have goodwill in the goods and the logo; they would also have to prove that there had been some form of false representation, whether it was intentional or not, to the public, by virtue of the goods being offered by John. For this to be the case, it will be necessary for them to show that there is a likelihood that the public would be deceived, but it has been established that the standard is not that of a ‘moron in a hurry , but rather the public at large . The court will determine whether or not there is a similarity in terms of the goods . This may result in a difference of opinion in terms of whether or not the scarves without the words ‘All Reds on them would be deemed passing off, in comparison to the ones without the words on the scarves. When considering all factors including the look of the scarves, it is more likely that the court will deem the scarves with the words ‘All Reds written on them to be more deceptive than the plain scarves. A similar case was seen in Arsenal Football Club v Matthew Reed . In this case, Mr Reed was selling unofficial merchandise such as scarves and hats that included marks similar to those of the Arsenal crest and logo. Arsenal brought an action for trademark infringement against Mr Reed, but Mr Reed argued that he was not using the mark as a trademark and was using it, rather, as merchandising, despite the fact that it was accepted that the custome rs did not necessarily think that the goods had come from the club, but rather that is was a ‘badge of support, loyalty or affiliation. It was held, in this case, that it could be a trademark infringement where the use of the mark undermined the essential function of a trademark and that by allowing the merchandise to be sold, it would mean that the function of a trademark was a way of identifying origin. The judge stated: ‘As the ECJ pointed out, the actions of Mr Reed meant that goods not coming from Arsenal but bearing the trademarks, were in circulation. That affected the ability of the trademarks to guarantee the origin of the goods. Based on this, it is expected that the Canadian All Reds could rely on this case to prevent John from selling the merchandise. Bibliography Bainbridge, David I., Intellectual Property, Pearson Education, 2006 Bogusz, Barbara, Cygan, Adam Jan Szyszczak, Erika M., The Regulation of Sport in the European Union, Edward Elgar Publishing, 2007 Bosworth, Derek L. Webster, Elizabeth, The Management of Intellectual Property, Edward Elgar Publishing, 2006 Colston, Catherine Middleton, Kirsty, Modern Intellectual Property Law, Routledge Cavendish, 2005 MacQueen, Hector L., Waelde, Charlotte Laurie, Graeme T., Contemporary Intellectual Property: Law and Policy, Oxford University Press, 2007 Michaels. Amanda Norris, Andrew, A Practical Guide to Trade Mark Law, Sweet Maxwell, 2002 Phillips, Jeremy, Trade Marks at the Limit, Edward Elgar Publishing, 2006 Spinello, Richard A., Intellectual property rights, Library Hi Tech, 25, 1. 2007 Vaver, D., Intellectual Property Rights: Critical Concepts in Law, Taylor Francis, 2006 Wadlow, Christopher, The Law of Passing-Off, 3rd revised ed., 2005

American Society on the CHange during the Post- World War...

American Society on the Change during the Post-World War Years After World War II, Americans experienced a time of rapid social change. American soldiers were discharged and returned home from the battlefields, hoping to find work and to get on with their lives. Marriage rate increased dramatically after the war. North American population experienced what is known as the â€Å"Baby boom† – an 18-year period of rapid population growth from 1946 to 1964. During this period, many children were born than in the same period before or after. During the post war years, the United States embarked on one of its greatest periods of economic expansion. Many Americans had enjoyed economic prosperity. However, the United States has changed since 1950.†¦show more content†¦These includes changes in social levels over time, death rates, economic conditions and laws –the no-fault divorce laws, the reduction in fertility and the legalization of abortion increased the divorce rates in the 1980s. However, scholars believe that the sin gle most important social change which made divorce possible was the increase in the employment of women and the economic independence that employment provided. For nearly all decades, the lifetime probability of divorce for women of all ages has been increasing. For women born in 1920, the likelihood of divorce by age 55 was 27 percent. This same level of divorce was reached at a much younger age (age 30) for women born in 1950. At least 40 percent of young adult women are likely to divorce. 16 percent are likely to divorce twice if current divorce rates continue. In Document 1, in the 1990s and 2000s, divorce rates appear to decline slightly. In the meantime, suburban population was growing and shifting during the post war years. Baby boomers brought much prosperity as they grew up and entered the work force. With so many people working and making a better living, growing families needed more room. 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Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Cerebral Oedema-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) and Cerebral Oedema. Answer: Introduction Diabetic ketoacidosis is caused as a result of reduced effective circulating insulin in blood. The condition usually arise among patients with type I diabetes mellitus, associated with a genetic defect in the insulin producing tissue, i.e. islets of langerhans in the pancreas tissue (Kumar Manjusha 2017). The situation leads to the activation of hormones that alleviate glucose production, followed by increased lyiposysis and ketone body production, which causes the metabolic acidosis and hyperglycemia along with dehydration and loss of electrolytes (Usher-Smith et al., 2012). Thus, it is important to maintain the fluid balance among the patients experiencing DKA. In paediatric care, DKA is one of the significant areas of concern. One of the key dangerous complications related to DKA that leads to fatal consequences is the cerebral oedema, which has been estimated to be the cause of 70 to 80 % deaths of under 12 years old children, experiencing DKA (Usher-Smith et al., 2011). Childre n with type I diabetes are risk prone to develop dangerous consequences of DKA, significantly due to late diagnosis, late referral and late initiation of treatment. Thus, a high index of suspicion is required for diagnosing DKA during initial assessment (Kumar Manjusha 2017). It has also been estimated that the majority of the cerebral oedema cases leads fatal consequences, with a mortality rate of 25 % to 30 %, whereas 35% to 40 % patients survives with severe neurological defects. As the DKA is associated with significant amount of fluid and electrolyte loss, the treatment procedure is related to the maintenance of fluid balance through the IV fluid supplement. It has been estimated that within the overall cases of DKA, up to 1 % children develop cerebral oedema as a complication DKA (Savage et al., 2011). The recent statistics showed that in UK and US, a prevalence of 0.5 to 1.5 % DKA cases include cerebral oedema, which constitutes 90 % mortality related to DKA (Yaneva, Konstantinova Iliev, 2016). Whereas, dependence between the CO development and the initiation of DKA treatment, high fluid volume, delayed potassium substitution, hyperglycemia, low serum phosphate are the signs of cerebral oedema. In spite of providing a significant effort to reduce the risk of cerebral oedema related to DKA, the mortality rate has remained constant through past decades. Although several studies have been performed to identify methods to treat CO, no such strong methods have been found, rather a need for a lager trial has been found for finding appropriate therapeutic recommendations (Brown, 2004). For instance, Hsia et al., (2015) revealed that reducing the intended fluid rate during initial 24 hours to 2500 mL/m2/d and increasing the IBV fluid sodium content have no effect upon reducing the incide nt of adverse outcomes like CO among children, making fluid balance therapy questionable for CO. It has been evident that this fluid rebuilt process has a significant contribution in developing cerebral oedema. Thus, while deciding the treatment for DKA patient, this factor should be kept in mind. While managing DKA in children, several unique aspects must be considered. Thus, paediatric care facilities need to develop goals and care plans for each child, based on the childs condition and the evidences from the previous successful cases. In this assignment, the pathophysiology and clinical manifestation of DKA and cerebral oedema would be demonstrated, along with the demonstration of best strategies for treating children with DKA (Fritsch et al., 2011). The selection of the most appropriate treatment strategy would be identified through evidence based procedure. Pathophysiology and clinical manifestations of DKA and cerebral oedema The diabetic ketoacidosis or DKA is a complex metabolic disorder. The diabetic ketoacidosis is related to other severe and chronic disorder. The disorder is significantly a secondary complication of the chronic disease diabetes mellitus. It is typically diagnosed with the vital signs of low blood pH, high blood sugar level and presence of ketoacidis in either blood or urine (Seewi et al., 2010). The complications related to the disease are due to shortage of insulin, as a result of which body starts burning fatty acids, thereby producing acidic ketone bodies. As a result of insulin deficiency, the level of glucagon is increased, causing the release of glucose by liver via the process of gluconiogenesis or glycogeenesis (Lamb, 2014). This high level of glucose spills over the urine along with water and minerals, causing osmotic dieresis. It causes the development of symptoms like polyuria, dehydration and polydipsia. Ketoacidosis is referred to an extension of normal physiological mechanisms, compensating for starvation. For instance, in the fasting state, the changes in body metabolism changes from carbohydrate oxidation to fat oxidation. The ketoacids are formed from the free fatty acids which are produced in adipocytes and transported to the liver via albumins. In liver, these fatty acids are broken down and produce ketoacids. These newly produced ketoacids are then exported to the peripheral tissues from liver, i.e. brain and muscles. At these tissues, these ketoacids are oxidised by the process of beta oxidation (Gosmanov, Gosmanova Dillard-Cannon, 2014). It is because; the beta-hydroxybutarate can serve as energy resource, when the insulin mediated glucose delivery system is not available. This procedure is recognized as a protective method during the starvation phase. At the time of ketosis, a small amount of acetone is produced, which causes the breath of the DKA patients a fruity smell (Wolfsdorf et al., 2014). As a result of the formation of ketone bodies, which have a low pKa, the blood becomes acidic as its pH lowers. However, initially, the buffering occurs through the bicarbonate buffering system. However, the system is not able to maintain the balance for longer time and it overwhelms, as no other system is supporting it (Cameron et al., 2014). In patients with diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance cannot meet the insulin demand rise blood sugar level rises along with dehydration and resistance to insulin increases further through vicious circle. As a result, an adult patient with DKA has a water shortage of 6 litres along with the deceased amount of key minerals like sodium, potassium, calcium, chloride, magnesium and phosphate (Mahler et al., 2011). In the patients with type I diabetes mellitus, DKA is a secondary complication of complete lack of insulin production by the pancreas tissues, islets of langerhans. On the other hand, in type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance occurs as a result of insufficient production of insulin. However, in type 2 diabetes, DKA is not common, as the amount of insulin that is produced in this disorder is usually sufficient for patients to suppress ketogenesis (Edge, 2015). However, ketosis-prone type 2 diabetes is referred to the cases when DKA occurs in patients with type 2 diabetes. Thus, up on treatment, if the normal insulin secretion resumes, the patient may have better results. Moreover, DKA is associated with the secretion of several counter-regulatory hormones in glucagon and adrenaline as well as cytokines, which ultimately causes inflammation (Glaser et al., 2013). Cerebral oedema is another serious complications associated with DKA, which is the most dangerous consequences of DKA. It is associated with several critical factors. It is most likely to be developed among people, who are suffering from severe DKA. It is often argued that the condition is associated with over vigorous rehydration (Glaser et al., 2013). The factors contributing in the development of cerebral oedema are acidosis, low carbon dioxide, dehydration, increased inflammation and coagulation; these factors collaboratively reduces the blood flow to some particular parts of the brain, causing the swelling of brain tissue upon starting the fluid replacement treatment (Foster, Morrison Fraser, 2011). The tissue swelling in brain causes the raised intracranial pressure, which ultimately leads to fatal consequences. Therefore, the treatment procedure has a significant contribution upon the development of this serious complication among patients. As DKA is a secondary complication to the diabetic patients, the early signs and clinical manifestations are often not properly diagnosed. However, development of DKA is a slow process, although symptoms can be alleviated by several means. The initial clinical features of DKA are often mistaken with the normal symptoms of diabetes mellitus. The clinical representation of the condition can vary with the severity and comorbid conditions (Edge, 2015). Sometimes, the disease symptoms are progressed over 1 day or less than that, which include the signs and symptoms of polyuria and polydipsia, which are the most common symptoms of the disease. Besides these signs, vomiting, fatigue, flushing of skin, dry skin, thirst, dyspnea, losing weight, polyphagia, abdominal pain, preceding febrile illness, tachycardia, hypotension, frequent urination, high blood sugar level and presence of ketones in urine are common. Kussmaul respiration is a compensatory symptom of metabolic acidosis. In severe cas e, shock, oliguria and anuria are developed (Seewi et al., 2010). Patients in severe cases may experience drowsiness, confusion, progressive obtundation to loss of consciousness and coma. These signs are mainly arise as a result of the effect of the disorder upon brain, i.e. cerebral oedema. Finally, the inflammation in brain can lead to fatal consequences. Critical care treatment of patient with DKA in paediatrics There are several ways through which children with DKA are treated. It is important to follow particular protocol for paediatric patients, based on the hospitals care protocol. In this context, maintaining fluid balance is the key concern because, in DKA patients excessive fluid loss causes severe complications, whereas patients with severe cases, i.e. cerebral oedema, it is important to eliminate the risk of excessive fluid build up in the patients body. The key therapy requirements are IV fluid therapy, insulin administration for keeping the adequate level of glucose in the body, as glucose level decreases with IV supplementation (Seewi et al., 2010). Continuous monitoring is required for eliminating the risk of developing cerebral oedema. It is crucial for children to monitor the neurological status continuously, for keeping the vital signs, i.e. blood glucose level, blood pressure, respiratory rate, breathing issue and fluid content under control, which would help to reduce the p rogress of the disease towards the severe complications like cerebral oedema (Fritsch et al., 2011). The most important strategy for DKA and cerebral oedema is fluid balance therapy. However, based on the hospital policy and national guidelines, the treatment should follow a common guideline. For instance, immediate assessment of the patient, resuscitation for shock, diagnosis of DKA, IV therapy to combat with dehydration, insulin therapy, monitoring, management of other symptoms and management of cerebral oedema. However, based on the patients condition, mild non IV DKA therapy is also administered (Savage et al., 2011). However, it should be kept in mind that large amount of fluid can be harmful for paediatric DKA. Initial/emergency assessment- The clinical history of polyuria, polydispia, weight loss, abdominal pain, vomiting, tiredness, confusion, dehydration, fruity smell breathing, kussmaul breathing, ketone bodies in urine, elevated blood glucose, low electrolyte level are assessed and reported. Based on this assessment, when DKA is confirmed, three lines of therapy are recommended (Usher-Smith et al., 2011). During initial assessment, the baseline acidosis and abnormalities in sodium potassium and urea concentrations were critical risk indicators related to cerebral oedema. In addition, early administration of insulin along with high volumes of fluid is also key risk factors for cerebral oedema among children with DKA. Thus, these observations would be taken into consideration during the treatment protocol designing (Edge et al., 2006). Resuscitation- If the patient undergone shock, reduced peripheral pulses, reduced conscious level or undergoing coma, resuscitation is done for reviving the patient. At that time, the nasogastric tube is inserted and in severe shock, the patient should be administered with 100 % oxygen through face mask. When emergency fluids are necessary, isotonic fluid, like 0.9 % sodium chloride 10ml/kg over 20 to 30 minutes should be administered (Foster, Morrison Fraser, 2011). If the patient is still hypotensive, further fluid administration would be needed. Mild DKA- In mild cases, when the dehydration is less than 5 % and no sign of vomiting is observed, IV fluid or repeat electrolytes are not provided; rather treated with subcutaneous insulin from the beginning. Moderate DKA- If the patient is vomiting, but not in shock, the fluid requirement is calculated over 48 hours, 0.9 % saline is administered, whereas ECG for elevated T-waves are assessed; if there is no changes, KCl in 40 mmol/L is started. The low dose continuous insulin infusion at the rate of 0.1 unit/kg/hour is continued (Seewi et al., 2010). Here, the patient should be monitored critically, which should include hourly assessment of blood glucose level, fluid intake and output, neurological status, electrolyte therapy per 2 hours after IV therapy along with monitoring ECG for changes in T-wave elevation. If the blood glucose level falls to 15 mmol/l or 5mmol/hour, IV fluid therapy is started. It should be done upon the accurate assessment of volume deficit (Seewi et al., 2010). For first 12 hours 0.9 % sodium chloride is continued and during the reduced blood glucose level, 50g glucose is added to per 1000 mL saline. However, if the blood glucose level falls further, with 0.9 % s odium chloride, 7.5 % or 10 % glucose is added and maintained. If the patient is hypokalemic, the potassium replacement therapy should be started, whereas if the patient is hyperkalemic or anuric, potassium replacement should be ceased. Contentious monitoring is required for measuring the level of potassium retention. If the patient is clinically well and tolerating oral fluids, the patient therapy should be transmitted to SC insulin, i.e. SC insulin is started as per protocol, while ceasing IV insulin after 30 minutes (Glaser et al., 2013). Insulin therapy- After initial diagnosis with DKA, if the patient is clinically is successfully tolerating fluid through oral routes, SC insulin therapy is started. For instance, the SC insulin therapy is started, along with oral hydration. However, if no improvement is documented and neurological deterioration is observed through the representation of warning signs like slow heart rate, headache, decreased conscious level, incontinence and hypoglycaemia; assessment for cerebral oedema is done (Wolfsdorf et al., 2014). Management of cerebral oedema- cerebral oedema is a critical consequence of DKA, in which the fluid overload leads to inflammation in brain, hampering its function. At that time, patient should be managed with high precautions. If the patient is in fluid therapy, it should be reduced or ceased slowly, to maintain the fluid balance. The patient should be moved to ICU, followed by cranial imaging, once the patient is stable. Immediately after transferring the patient in ICU, patients head should be raised to 30 degree with the bed; oxygen should be administered immediately via mask (Cameron et al., 2014). Initially, the patient is administered with 0.5-1 g/kg mannitol through intravenous route over 20 minutes; if the patients condition is not improved, mannitol is repeated after 30 minutes. Consulting with a paediatric endocrinologist, 3 % NaCl may be administered. If needed, patient should be intubated; but aggressive ventilation should not be performed, as it is associated with poor outcomes in previous studies (Cameron et al., 2014). Patient education- Another important strategy is patient education. It has been revealed poor adherence with the therapies, follow ups, poor dietary guidelines and poor lifestyle management skills of the family. In this context, health promotional sessions are important for mild and moderate DKA patients and their parents. For instance, the pros and cons of the therapy, appropriate dietary guidelines for the child, the complications or risk factors of poor adherence with the treatment procedure are crucial factors for the parents and patients to understand (Foster, Morrison Fraser, 2011). Several literatures found that ongoing patient education has improved the management and adherence of the patients with the therapeutic procedures and follow up procedures. Best treatment strategies The most important strategy for DKA and cerebral oedema is fluid balance therapy. However, according to the Hospital policy, there is no best strategy to reduce the effect of the DKA and cerebral oedema. On the basis of the condition of the patient, the strategy can be applied to the patient. However, fluid balance therapy can be applied to the patients in a particular dose. As the retention of fluid decrease in the body, it is necessary to maintain the fluid balance in the body so that the patient can lead a healthy lifestyle. For instance, immediate assessment of the patient, resuscitation for shock, diagnosis of DKA, IV therapy to combat with dehydration, insulin therapy, monitoring, management of other symptoms and management of cerebral oedema (Edge, 2015). However, most of the patient continues to practice the therapy even after the recovery. Hence, this type of practice needs to be reduced. If the fluid amount increases in the brain, the patient may face vital issues that are related to the brain. As a result, the patient may die due to the cerebral oedema. Hence, before applying the fluid balance therapy, the nurses need to remember the consequences of the therapy. To reduce the dehydration, fluid balance therapy is beneficial. The patients who are in shock, fluid balance therapy is not appropriate for them. Hence, in such cases, the fluid balance therapy should not be used. Instead of the fluid balance therapy, insulin therapy can be used (Glaser et al., 2013). The patients need to take the medication on time so that the side effects of the therapy can be reduced. The nurses need to follow the hospital protocols so that the ethical issues regarding the therapies can be avoided. It should be kept in mind that large amount of fluid can be harmful for paediatric DKA. The nurses need to monitor the patients on the regular basis so that they can keep the record of the patient. It is the duty of the nurses that they should monitor the patient for example, the development or deterioration condition of the patient. If any noticeable changes are seen, they need to report to the responsible person so that the necessary actions can be taken (Gosmanov, Gosmanova Dillard-Cannon, 2014). However, it is crucial for children to monitor the neurological status continuously, for keeping the vital signs, i.e. blood glucose level, blood pressure, respiratory rate, breathing issue and fluid content under control, which would help to reduce the progress of the disease towards the severe complications like cerebral oedema. For instance, immediate assessment of the p atient, resuscitation for shock, diagnosis of DKA, IV therapy to combat with dehydration, insulin therapy, monitoring, management of other symptoms and management of cerebral oedema (Glaser et al., 2013). Patients in severe cases may experience drowsiness, confusion, progressive obtundation to loss of consciousness and coma. Based on this assessment, when DKA is confirmed, three lines of therapy are recommended. Hence, the patient should be monitored critically. Conclusion DKA is a significant cause of paediatric mortality and morbidity. However, appropriate management and continuous monitoring can lead to improved health outcomes of the patients. The management and therapeutic procedures of DKA is different from the therapeutic processes of adults. Thus, the nursing staffs and the paediatric care facilities need to be more careful and skilled, while dealing with children with DKA. One of the serious complications related to poorly managed DKA in children is cerebral oedema, which can lead to fatal consequences in several cases. In paediatric care services the DKA have significant negative impact as a result of high rate of mortality and morbidity. Although the condition can be managed with proper guidelines and follow up care, fluid therapy and insulin administration should be carefully monitored throughout the process. On the other hand, fluid therapy, if not monitored and balanced properly, can lead to severe complications, i.e. cerebral oedema. For this enough control of fluid intake and output are required. This assignment provided in depth demonstration of pathophysiology and clinical manifestation of DKA and cerebral oedema, followed by the analysis of the treatment strategies for DKA and cerebral oedema. Reerence List A Edge, J. (2015).BSPED Recommended Guideline for the Management of Children and Young People under the age of 18 years with Diabetic Ketoacidosis 2015.bsped.org.uk. Retrieved 5 August 2017, from https://www.bsped.org.uk/clinical/docs/DKAguideline.pdf Brown, T. B. (2004). Cerebral oedema in childhood diabetic ketoacidosis: is treatment a factor?.Emergency medicine journal,21(2), 141-144. Cameron, F. J., Scratch, S. E., Nadebaum, C., Northam, E. A., Koves, I., Jennings, J., ... Inder, T. E. (2014). Neurological consequences of diabetic ketoacidosis at initial presentation of type 1 diabetes in a prospective cohort study of children.Diabetes care,37(6), 1554-1562. Edge, J. A., Jakes, R. W., Roy, Y., Hawkins, M., Winter, D., Ford-Adams, M. E., ... Dunger, D. B. (2006). 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